Which of the following brain regions has cocaine been shown to markedly increase levels of...
Question:
Which of the following brain regions has cocaine been shown to markedly increase levels of dopamine?
A. substantia nigra
B. nucleus accumbens
C. frontal cortex
D. globus pallidus
Cocaine:
Cocaine is an illicit psychoactive drug that, as one might suspects, is produced from the coca plants. This drug is classified as a stimulant since it activates the central nervous system upon administration/consumption.
Answer and Explanation:
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answerThe correct solution to this problem is provided by option B: nucleus accumbens.
The nucleus accumbens is a part of the basal ganglia that has been...
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:

from
Chapter 4 / Lesson 3Understand how cocaine affects the brain and body. See cocaine mechanisms of action, learn the relationship between cocaine and dopamine, and know how cocaine works.
Related to this Question
- Through the stimulation of which brain region do addictive drugs cause the neurotransmitter dopamine to be released, resulting in intensified feelings of pleasure? a. pons b. nucleus accumbens c. lateral reticular formation d. pineal gland
- People who are addicted to cocaine are motivated to seek it because cocaine stimulates the: a. the neurotransmitter GABA b. neural pathways in the amygdala c. sensorimotor cortex d. nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental areas of the brain
- Cocaine increases which two chemical messengers? a. noradrenaline and dopamine b. acetylcholine and THC c. histamine and phosphine d. RNA and serotonin
- What drug not only blocks the reuptake of dopamine but also increases the release of dopamine? a. marijuana b. bath salts c. LSD d. MDMA
- Addictive drugs increase dopamine activity in the medial forebrain bundle and the nucleus accumbens, which, in turn, gives rise to intensified feelings of pleasure due to which region of the cortex being stimulated? A. Parietal B. Temporal C. Frontal
- Which neurotransmitter tends to influence brain activity in areas that control emotions and sensory information and may explain some of the symptoms seen in schizophrenia? a. acetylcholine b. glutamate c. melatonin d. schizotoxin
- Cocaine triggers an increase in which neurotransmitter resulting in a drug ''high'' in the reward system of the brain? \\ a. serotonin b. acetylcholine c. dopamine d. GABA
- Which of the following best describes how cocaine works in the brain? (a) Cocaine works by binding on receptor sites that normally reuptake dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, resulting in more of these substances in the synapse, producing a rush. (b
- Which of the following brain regions is centrally involved in memory storage: A. Orbitofrontal cortex B. Insular cortex C. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex D. Hypothalamus E. None of the above
- Which of the following has been implicated in depression? a. activation of the orbitofrontal cortex b. greater activity of the medial forebrain bundle system c. reduced volume of the brain ventricles d. enhanced activation of the amygdala
- Cocaine and amphetamines increase the production of which neurotransmitters? a. GABA and endorphins. b. norepinephrine and dopamine. c. acetylcholine and endorphins. d. acetylcholine and GABA.
- Cocaine and amphetamines increase the production of which neurotransmitters? a. GABA and endorphins b. acetylcholine and endorphins c. norepinephrine and dopamine d. acetylcholine and GABA
- Addictive drugs stimulate a brain region called the nucleus accumbens, which results in intensified feelings of pleasure due to the release of which neurotransmitter? a. acetylcholine b. melatonin c. norepinephrine d. dopamine
- Cocaine has two effects on synaptic transmission it impairs reuptake of dopamine and it causes more dopamine to be released into the synapse. Would cocaine be classified as a agonist or an antagonist? Why?
- Which area of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions, planning, and long-term memory? a. Frontal Lobe b. Prefrontal Cortex c. Central Sulcus d. Parietal lobe
- Which of the following neurotransmitters causes a major inhibitory effect in the central nervous system? \\ a. glutamate b. acetylcholine c. GABA d. dopamine
- The circadian rhythm is established by which brain area? a) Suprachiasmatic nucleus. b) Amygdala. c) Thalamus. d) The occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex. e) Pons.
- Which area of the cortex processes information from the senses and contributes to higher mental abilities, such as language? \\ a. motor cortex b. somatosensory cortex c. aphasic cortex d. association cortex
- Cocaine is a drug that inhibits the active reuptake of noradrenalin into the brain's presynaptic neurons. It also binds inside sodium channels and blocks them. Would you classify cocaine as a stimulant or a depressant and why? What effect might cocaine ha
- Which neurotransmitters appear to be involved in symptoms of schizophrenia? a. Dopamine and glutamate b. Clozapine and Clozaril c. Serotonin and norepinephrine d. GABA and Cholecystokinen.
- Which of the following areas of the brain appears to be most related to memory storage? a. cerebellum b. medulla c. hippocampus d. hypothalamus
- Cocaine blocks the: a) reuptake of dopamine. b) production of dopamine. c) reception of dopamine. d) enzyme which inhibits the production of dopamine.
- Which of the following brain structures is the slowest to develop? a) Hippocampus b) Prefrontal cortex c) Cerebellum d) Sensory cortex e) Temporo-parietal junction
- Which part of the brain is responsible for conscious awareness? a. cerebral cortex b. brain stem c. limbic system d. hypothalamus.
- Which of the following drugs acts to block or slow down the use of dopamine within the brain?
- Which brain area receives incoming messages from the sense organs and bombards the cortex with stimulation, keeping the brain active and alert? a. hypothalamus b. medulla c. reticular activating system d. limbic system
- Which area of the brain is of particular importance for memory storage because it grows new neurons and makes new connections within the brain? a. hippocampus b. pons c. reticular formation d. medulla
- What drugs affect the parietal lobe?
- A cocaine user experiences a decline in mood or "crash" because when cocaine levels drop, the [{Blank}] a. receiving neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters. b. sending neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters. c. receiving neurons absorb more neurotransmi
- What lobe of the cerebral cortex is associated with the auditory process? a) Frontal b) Occipital c) Temporal d) Parietal
- Which part of the brain is important in our ability to resist temptation? a. the diencephalon b. the prefrontal cortex c. the extrapyramidal tracts d. the corpus callosum
- Which of the following is not a component of the limbic system? a) Hippocampus b) Cerebral cortex c) Amygdala d) Midbrain e) Hypothalamus
- What cortex is in the parietal lobe?
- The highest functioning and largest brain area found in humans is the \\ a. cerebral cortex. b. hypothalamus. c. limbic system. d. reticular activation system.
- A cocaine user experiences a decline in mood or "crash" because when cocaine levels drop, the: a. receiving neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters b. sending neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters c. receiving neurons absorb more neurotransmitters d. send
- Which brain structure is most closely involved with emotion? A. cortex B. brain stem C. limbic system D. cerebellum
- What are neurons in the parietal lobe responsible for?
- Cocaine's effects on the nervous system center around its ability to: a. decrease the amount of neurotransmitters available in the nervous system b. block reuptake of dopamine c. increase reuptake in the synapse d. decrease the sensitivity of receptor
- Which neurotransmitter has been most associated with the mechanisms of addiction? a) Dopamine b) Serotonin c) Acetylcholine d) Norepinephrine
- What lobe of the cortex contains the main somatic sensory areas? Where are these areas relative to the main visual and auditory areas?
- Which part of the brain consists of two large hemispheres, which are divided into smaller areas known as lobes? a. cerebellum b. cerebral cortex c. limbic system d. reticular formation
- Which of the following is an important neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenic symptoms? a. dopamine b. acetylcholine c. estrogen d. adrenaline
- The neurotransmitter [{Blank}] is found in the brain structure called the hippocampus. a. serotonin b. endorphins c. dopamine d. acetylcholine
- Which of the following is an important neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenic symptoms? a. dopamine b. estrogen c. acetylcholine d. adrenaline
- With cocaine use, the chemical messenger called noradrenaline is increased leading to brain arousal, while the "rush" of pleasure results from the increase in a. dopamine. b. acetylcholine. c. histamine. d. THC.
- Which part of the brain contains receptors sensitive to food-related hormones such as leptin and insulin? a. the hypothalamus b. the lateral geniculate nucleus c. the substantia nigra d. the amygdala
- In what brain areas have researchers found pleasure centers? a. thalamus and amygdala b. nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area c. hypothalamus and cerebral cortex d. thalamus and corpus callosum
- Which of the following parts of the brain are related to aggression? a. the amygdala b. the limbic system c. neither A nor B d. both A and B e. both A and B, as well as the medulla oblongata
- Which area of the brain contains both the feeding center and the satiety center? A. amygdala B. medulla C. hypothalamus D. hippocampus
- Which of the following is primarily an excitatory neurotransmitter? a. glutamate b. serotonin c. dopamine d. GABA
- Which neurotransmitter appears to trigger a flood of unrelated thoughts, feelings, and perceptions, which may account for the voices, hallucinations, and delusions of schizophrenia? a. dopamine b. psychotropin c. schizotoxin d. acetylcholine
- What do neurotransmitters do? a. Determine the levels of hormones moving between brain cells. b. Connect and insulate brain cells. c. Pass messages between neurons in the brain. d. Create vesicles in the brain.
- What is the medial forebrain bundle? Discuss the evidence for and against its involvement in reward. In addition, review the evidence showing that the brain's dopamine pathways are critically involved in pleasure and reward.
- Which of the following is not part of the central nervous system? a. Brain stem b. Spinal gray matter c. Cerebellum d. Neuronal cell body of a sensory afferent
- Cocaine primarily exerts its effects by {Blank}. \\ a. promoting the production of serotonin b. mimicking endorphins c. blocking the reuptake of dopamine d. destroying GABA
- Which hormone is produced in the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain? a. Corticosteroids. b. Epinephrine. c. Norepinephrine. d. Adrenaline.
- What parts of the brain are located in the parietal lobe?
- In what brain area do you find the reticular formation? a. midbrain b. medulla c. occipital lobe d. cerebellum
- Cocaine produces its effects by: \\ a. increasing the effectiveness of norepinephrine and dopamine b. decreasing the effectiveness of norepinephrine and dopamine c. increasing levels of serotonin d. decreasing levels of acetylcholine
- Which part of the brain is located directly above the pituitary gland and is able to affect all of the other glands in the body by influencing the pituitary gland? a. pons b. reticular formation c. hypothalamus d. midbrain
- Which area of the limbic system will become more active, if you mentally plan a drive across town? \\ a. the bottom part of the amygdala b. the left side of the hypothalamus c. the top part of the thalamus d. the right side of the hippocampus
- Which of the following structures of the brain may be abnormally larger in people suffering from schizophrenia? A. Hypothalamus B. Thalamus C. Medulla D. Ventricles
- Which of the following is a powerful central nervous stimulant that produces feelings of alertness, euphoria, well-being, power, boundless energy, and pleasure and goes by the street names of "snow," "blow," and "snuff"? a. GHB b. LSD c. cocaine d. heroin
- Which of the following parts of the brain can be viewed as a link between the forebrain and the brainstem? a. corpus callosum b. midbrain c. hypothalamus d. limbic system
- Which of the following statements is NOT true about the cerebral cortex? a. Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not primarily involved in sensation or motor activity are called association areas. b. The cerebral cortex has two hemispheres. c. The cer
- What part of the brain is most closely linked to the control of sexual behavior? \\ A. Thalamus B. Reticular formation C. Cerebellum D. Hypothalamus
- Which of the following drugs affect certain types of brain cells that cause relaxation and relieve anxiety? A. Alcohol B. Cocaine C. Ecstasy D. LSD
- Which part of the brain appears to be most important in the processing of memories? a. thalamus b. hippocampus c. pons d. hypothalamus
- What cortex is located in the temporal lobes?
- Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in mania? a. substance P b. serotonin c. endorphins d. glutamate
- Which part of the brain forms the outside covering of the hemispheres? \\ a. the forebrain b. the corpus callosum c. the anterior commissure d. the cortex
- Which brain structure is part of the forebrain? a. medulla b. pons c. cerebellum d. amygdala
- Which brain structure is not implicated in source monitoring? a. Hippocampus b. Frontal lobe c. Brain stem
- Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an excitatory role in stimulating the neurons involved in learning new information? A. Dopamine B. Acetylcholine C. Epinephrine
- Which part of the brain regulates many motives, including hunger, thirst, and the sex drive? a. thalamus b. hypothalamus c. midbrain d. hippocampus
- What are the functions of the sub cortex of the human brain? Where is the sub cortex located?
- Overactivity of which endocrine gland or brain structure leads to tenseness, nervousness and excitability? a. pineal gland b. thyroid gland c. hippocampus d. cerebellum
- What brain structure is involved in the formation of myelin? a. neurons b. glia cells c. dendrites d. synapses
- Which neurotransmitter would be consistent with a diagnosis of schizophrenia? a. Depleted levels of serotonin b. Depleted levels of glutamate c. Excess levels of norepinephrine d. Excess levels of endorphins.
- What region of the brain is the temporal lobe located within?
- Which part of the brain is responsible for hunger, thirst, sex, body temperature and hormone secretion? a. reticular formation b. pons c. hypothalamus d. hippocampus
- The chemical structure of cocaine is similar to which neurotransmitter?
- Nicotine, heroin, and cocaine all elevate {Blank} levels. \\ a. endorphin b. serotonin c. dopamine d. GABA
- Which of the following brain structures is NOT implicated in source monitoring? a. Hippocampus b. Frontal lobe c. Brain stem
- Which hormone functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain, tends to arouse the body, and is linked with anger? a. melatonin b. epinephrine c. norepinephrine d. thyroxin
- Which of the following neurotransmitters is believed to be involved in reducing anxiety reactions? a. dopamine b. GABA c. serotonin d. norepinephrine
- According to the dopamine theory of schizophrenia, all of the following are true except that there is a. an overproduction of dopamine. b. an overuse of dopamine. c. increased amounts of dopamine at the synapses. d. a genetic predisposition for schizophre
- The hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala, and parts of the thalamus make up the __________ system. a. somatosensory. b. endocrine. c. limbic. d. reticular activating.
- What part of the brain controls your level of arousal or consciousness and sleep?
- Which of the following neurotransmitters is believed to be involved in reducing anxiety reactions? a. dopamine b. serotonin c. GABA d. norepinephrine
- Most drugs of abuse are dopamine agonists. What does this mean happens to the dopamine activity within the brain of a person who ingests the drug?
- Which of the following neurotransmitters is believed to be associated with anorexia and obsessive tendencies? a. Acetylcholine b. Serotonin c. Glutamate d. GABA e. Dopamine
- Which part of the brain is especially active when viewing facial expressions of fear? a. hippocampus b. amygdala c. thalamus d. visual cortex
- Which neurotransmitter is the primary target of drugs, such as Prozac, that are used to treat depression? \\ a. norepinephrine b. serotonin c. dopamine d. acetylcholine