What are the major functions of the neurotransmitter: Norepinephrine. What physiological or...
Question:
What are the major functions of the neurotransmitter: Norepinephrine.
What physiological or psychological functions have been ascribed to the neurotransmitter? Is it inhibitory, excitatory, or both? Which other neurotransmitters are similar to the neurotransmitter? Does the neurotransmitter commonly work with any other neurotransmitters? If so, which and for what purpose?
Norepinephrine:
Norepinephrine refers to a neurotransmitter that is also called noradrenaline in some countries. This neurotransmitter works within the brain, as well as having medications work on it.
Answer and Explanation:
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answerThe main functions of norepinephrine are to enable the body to respond fast to serious threats, such as by attacking or defending itself. It is both...
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:
Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library
What Is Norepinephrine? - Effects, Function & Definition
from
Chapter 34 / Lesson 14
108K
What is norepinephrine? Learn its definition, function, and chemical structure. Also learn norepinephrine's effects on the body, heart rate, and receptors.
Related to this Question
- Which of the following neurotransmitters causes a major inhibitory effect in the central nervous system? \\ a. glutamate b. acetylcholine c. GABA d. dopamine
- Which hormone functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain, tends to arouse the body, and is linked with anger? a. melatonin b. epinephrine c. norepinephrine d. thyroxin
- Which neurotransmitter has been most associated with the mechanisms of addiction? a) Dopamine b) Serotonin c) Acetylcholine d) Norepinephrine
- Which of the following neurotransmitters plays an excitatory role in stimulating the neurons involved in learning new information? A. Dopamine B. Acetylcholine C. Epinephrine
- Which neurotransmitter tends to influence brain activity in areas that control emotions and sensory information and may explain some of the symptoms seen in schizophrenia? a. acetylcholine b. glutamate c. melatonin d. schizotoxin
- Which of the following is an important neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenic symptoms? a. dopamine b. estrogen c. acetylcholine d. adrenaline
- Which of the following is an important neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenic symptoms? a. dopamine b. acetylcholine c. estrogen d. adrenaline
- Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter that participates in movement, autonomic function, learning, and memory with a deficiency in this neurotransmitter playing a role in Alzheimer's disease? a. Norepinephrine. b. Acetylcholine. c. Sero
- Which neurotransmitter normally activates muscles? \\ a. acetylcholine b. serotonin c. curare d. histamine
- Which of the following is primarily an inhibitory neurotransmitter? a. acetylcholine b. norepinephrine c. glutamate d. GABA
- Which neurotransmitter is the primary target of drugs, such as Prozac, that are used to treat depression? \\ a. norepinephrine b. serotonin c. dopamine d. acetylcholine
- Six neurotransmitters are listed below. Describe the functions of these neurotransmitters, whether the neurotransmitter is an excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitter, and what effect(s) would occur from having a deficiency and/or excess of each chemical
- Which of the following is not true? a. Neurons that transmit and respond to the same neurotransmitters operate as pathways responsible for specific functions. b. Neurotransmitters will not be involved in more than one function of the nervous system. c.
- Which of the following is primarily an excitatory neurotransmitter? a. glutamate b. serotonin c. dopamine d. GABA
- Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood, appetite, and sleep with a deficiency leading to depression?
- Which of the following neurotransmitters is believed to be involved in reducing anxiety reactions? a. dopamine b. GABA c. serotonin d. norepinephrine
- Which of the following neurotransmitters is believed to be involved in reducing anxiety reactions? a. dopamine b. serotonin c. GABA d. norepinephrine
- What are the 6 key neurotransmitter systems targeted by psychotropic drugs?
- What neurotransmitter agonists and antagonists would you design to treat obesity? Consider drugs that could act on the neurons of the brain, as well as drugs that could act on the peripheral nervous system.
- What is the role of the terminal buttons? a. To transport neurotransmitters across the neuron b. To create neurotransmitters c. To transmit the action potential to the next neuron d. To store and release neurotransmitters
- In the brain, most excitatory communication in synapses occurs by way of glutamate, and most inhibitory communication occurs by way of gamma-aminobutyric acid. In general terms, describe what the other neurotransmitters do.
- The neurotransmitter [{Blank}] is found in the brain structure called the hippocampus. a. serotonin b. endorphins c. dopamine d. acetylcholine
- List some common neurotransmitters and describe their effect on behavior.
- What role does the hypothalamus play in the activation of the fight-flight response? a. It releases dopamine into the blood stream. b. It transfers sensory information to the stress centers of the brain. c. It triggers the pituitary gland to release a
- The neurotransmitters that regulate the activity of other neurons and affect memory, pain, emotion, pleasure, mood, hunger, sexual behavior, and other basic processes are called \\ a. somatic ions. b. amyl opiates. c. organic placebos. d. neuropeptide
- Which hormone is produced in the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain? a. Corticosteroids. b. Epinephrine. c. Norepinephrine. d. Adrenaline.
- Which neurotransmitter has recently become a focus of research because it may play a role in schizophrenia? a. endorphin b. respirine c. norepinephrine d. glutamate
- Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in mania? a. substance P b. serotonin c. endorphins d. glutamate
- The chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain is ____, and the chief excitatory neurotransmitter is ____. a. ?GABA; glutamate b. ?epinephrine; norepinephrine c. ?serotonin; dopamine d. ?acetylcholine; GABA
- Although other neurotransmitters are present, the brain's reward or "pleasure" system has a predominance of which neurotransmitter? a. norepinephrine b. acetylcholine c. histamine d. dopamine
- What must a neurotransmitter cross in order to excite or inhibit an action potential in a receiving neuron?
- Why are neurotransmitters necessary for neurotransmission? a. Because the action potential is too short to send information between neurons. b. Because neurons have spaces between them. c. Because neurons are fused together. d. Because neurotransmitters a
- Which statement about neurotransmitters is accurate? A. Most drugs that are used to treat psychopathology work by influencing neurotransmitter levels. B. Neurotransmitters maintain the oxygenation of the brain. C. Each psychological disorder is caused b
- Explain the entire process of neurotransmission, from a neurotransmitter arriving at a neuron to neurotransmitters being released.
- Define the following terms: a. Synapse. b. Neurotransmitter.
- Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter that is involved with arousal and vigilance, and mood with an excess leading to anxiety problems?
- Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter that is involved with learning and memory with an excess of this neurotransmitter leading to neuron death and autism and a deficiency leading to tiredness? \\ a. glutamate b. acetylcholine c. GAB
- Which effect would be considered to be antagonistic? a) Blocking the synthesis of neurotransmitters. b) Blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters. c) Stimulating the release of neurotransmitters. d) Interfering with the breakdown of neurotransmitters
- Which of the following is NOT one of the neurotransmitters being considered as a factor in the development of schizophrenia? a. endorphin b. glutamate c. GABA d. serotonin
- Researchers are currently investigating the role that the neurotransmitter [{Blank}] plays in mediating leptin action in the brain. a. acetylcholine b. serotonin c. dopamine d. endorphin
- Underactivity of all of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to depression, except .... a. acetylcholine. b. norepinephrine. c. dopamine. d. serotonin.
- Serotonin, GABA, and Dopamine are all: a) Neurotransmitters b) Neurons c) Glial cells d) All answers are correct
- Neurotransmitters are to the nervous system what ____ are to the endocrine system.
- Which branch of the autonomic nervous system causes epinephrine and norepinephrine to be released by the adrenal glands? a. somatic b. sympathetic c. central d. parasympathetic
- Identify three different types of neurotransmitters and describe their typical effects in the brain.
- Neurotransmitters bind to which of the following located on dendrites and cell bodies? a. synaptic vesicles b. neurilemmas c. receptor sites d. myelin sheaths
- Neurotransmitters are synthesized from precursors. Which of the following combinations of neurotransmitter and precursor is correct? A. GABA, the precursor is tryptophan. B. Dopamine, the precursor is tyrosine. C. Serotonin, the precursor is glutamate. D.
- Neurons: a) are one kind of neurotransmitter. b) each have only one dendrite. c) transmit neural impulses.
- Neurons "talk" to each other chemically when which of the following are released? a. neurilemmas b. neurotransmitters c. somas d. ion channels
- Norepinephrine, which elevates heart rate and other vital signs, is more abundant when the [{Blank}] nervous system is activated. a. somatic b. parasympathetic c. somatosensory d. sympathetic
- What are the physiological roles of antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and atrial natriuretic peptide?
- Which of the following prevents the neurotransmitters from leaving the synapse? a. oligodendroglia b. dendrites c. axon collaterals d. astrocytes e. Schwann cells
- The chief excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is ____. a. serotonin b. dopamine c. GABA d. glutamate
- Norepinephrine, which elevates heart rate and other vital signs, is more abundant when the [{Blank}] nervous system is activated. a. somatic b. somatosensory c. parasympathetic d. sympathetic
- Any drug molecule that occupies a neurotransmitter receptor site and blocks the neurotransmitter's effect in a(n): A. Glutamate B. Opiate C. Antagonist D. Agonist
- After the release of neurotransmitters in the synapse, neurotransmitters cross the synapse and: a. fit into specially designed axons b. cause the second neuron to open its chemical locks c. cause the process known as reuptake d. fit into specially des
- A(n) facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system. a. axon b. SSRI c. agonist d. antagonist
- The chemicals that are released at an axon terminal and can either excite or inhibit other neurons are called a. synapses. b. synaptic vesicles. c. neurilemmas. d. neurotransmitters.
- Acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and GABA are examples of a. neurotransmitters. b. negative after-potentials. c. synaptic ions. d. neurilemmas.
- Neurons send chemical messages to other neurons, which are called: a) Hormones b) Neurotransmitters c) Synapse d) Dendrites
- When neurotransmitters are being released by a presynaptic neuron into the synapse, it is because ____. a. the neuron is in a refractory. b. there is a large concentration of Na^+ ions outside of the presynaptic axon. c. action potentials have occurred in
- The effect of a neurotransmitter on an adjacent neuron, muscle, or organ is: a. excitatory b. inhibitory c. either excitatory or inhibitory d. determined by the all-or-none law
- A key function of monoamine oxidase is to: a) convert norepinephrine into epinephrine. b) convert dopamine into norepinephrine. c) provide the precursor for the catecholamines. d) degrade catecholamines and serotonin into inactive forms.
- What are the two subdivisions of the efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system, and what are their functions?
- Differentiate between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems include cell locations, neurotransmitters, and functions.
- Which of the following substances is known to stimulate all alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptors? a) Isuprel b) Epinephrine c) Xopenex d) Dopamine
- Which of the following has been implicated in depression? a. activation of the orbitofrontal cortex b. greater activity of the medial forebrain bundle system c. reduced volume of the brain ventricles d. enhanced activation of the amygdala
- Which of the following statements is NOT true for neurotransmitters? a. A neurotransmitter conveys a message to a neighbouring neuron by travelling along the axon to the terminal fibres. b. Neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles. c. Neurotransm
- Fill in the blank. Depression and mania have been linked to neurotransmitters called ________, which include serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
- The neurotransmitter GABA has a(n): a. febrile effect b. excitatory effect c. vagariated effect d. inhibitory effect
- Which of the following functions is NOT controlled by the autonomic nervous system? a. utilization of the sense organs b. heart rate and respiration c. secretion of hormones d. digestion
- The hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala, and parts of the thalamus make up the __________ system. a. somatosensory. b. endocrine. c. limbic. d. reticular activating.
- What effect do neurotransmitters from one neuron have on the next neuron? a. They have no effect. b. They excite it. c. They inhabit it. d. They may excite or inhibit it.
- Which of the following mechanisms does the body use to compensate for shock? a. Peripheral nervous system depression. b. Central nervous system depression. c. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation. d. Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation.
- What roles do afferent neurons, interneurons, and efferent neurons play in a reflex? What will be an ideal response?
- Which neurotransmitter would be consistent with a diagnosis of schizophrenia? a. Depleted levels of serotonin b. Depleted levels of glutamate c. Excess levels of norepinephrine d. Excess levels of endorphins.
- What is the difference between the forebrain and the limbic system? Does the limbic system include the forebrain as well, or is it the way around?
- Regarding nervous system control of muscle contraction, what is the role of neurotransmitters?
- (a) Describe the role of the NMDA receptor. (b) What are the physical changes that occur in the synapses of the hippocampus theorized to be related to long term potentiation (LTP)?
- List and describe the functions of four major organisms of the brain and nervous system that are relevant to personality.
- Describe the neurotransmitters used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
- The adrenal cortex secretes a. corticoids. b. epinephrine and norepinephrine. c. melatonin. d. oxytocin.
- What is the Sympathetic Nervous System and the Parasympathetic Nervous System, and how do they function?
- Fill in the blank(s) with correct word. \\ Brain chemicals, such as enkephalins and endorphins, which regulate the activity of neurons are called {Blank}.
- The main excitatory transmitter in the brain is whereas the main inhibitory transmitter in the brain is. a) Gamma-aminobutyric acid, Glutamate b) Glutamate, Gamma-aminobutyric acid c) Acetylcholine, Serotonin d) Serotonin, Acetylcholine e) None of the
- Phenothiazines, a group of drugs used to treat schizophrenia, block the action of the neurotransmitter [{Blank}]. a. dopamine b. acetylcholine c. endorphins d. norepinephrine
- The adrenal medulla secretes a. corticoids. b. epinephrine and norepinephrine. c. melatonin. d. oxytocin.
- Which statement is TRUE regarding the processes of excitation and inhibition? a. In order for the body to work normally, neurotransmitters should usually be excitatory. b. In order for the body to work normally, neurotransmitters should usually be inhibit
- Through the stimulation of which brain region do addictive drugs cause the neurotransmitter dopamine to be released, resulting in intensified feelings of pleasure? a. pons b. nucleus accumbens c. lateral reticular formation d. pineal gland
- The preganglionic neurotransmitter is the same as that used in the somatic nervous system, i.e., what?
- At the synapse, acetylcholine (ACh) will be (a) excitatory. (b) either excitatory or inhibitory. (c) inhibitory. (d) neither excitatory nor inhibitory.
- How do neurotransmitters communicate with postsynaptic neurons? a. Like a key fitting into a lock, they bind with corresponding receptor sites on dendrites of the neuron. b. Like water over a dam, they build up until they flood into the next neuron thro
- State the functions of epinephrine and norepinephrine, and explain their relationship to the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
- Which of the following statements is not true for neurotransmitters? a. A neurotransmitter conveys a message to a neighboring neuron by traveling along the axon to the terminal fibers. b. Neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles. c. Neurotransmit
- The first neurotransmitter discovered was \\ a. acetylcholine. b. dopamine. c. serotonin. d. epinephrine.
- Which of the following reflects an agonist drug action? A. Increase neurotransmitter precursor availability B. Increase binding of a neurotransmitter to an autoreceptor C. Increase reuptake D. Increase enzyme breakdown of neurotransmitters
Explore our homework questions and answers library
Browse
by subject