The structure on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion that utilizes the H+ gradient generated...
Question:
The structure on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion that utilizes the H+ gradient generated by electron transport
a) oxidative phosphorylation
b) citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle)
c) pyruvate (essentially the same as pyruvic acid)
d) ATP synthase
Inner Membrane of the Mitochondria:
The inner membrane of the mitochondria is home to various proteins needed for oxidative phosphorylation. The inner membrane is folded into cristae in order to increase the surface area, and thus the amount of these proteins that can be added to the membrane.
Answer and Explanation: 1
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answerThe structure on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion that utilizes the H+ gradient generated by electron transport is ATP synthase. Protons found...
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:
Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library
ATP Synthase: Definition, Structure & Function
from
Chapter 9 / Lesson 11
25K
What is ATP synthase? Learn the ATP synthase definition and see its characteristics and various properties. See common ATP synthase types and examples.
Related to this Question
- In Eukaryotic cells, glycolysis occurs in the __________, pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle occur in the ________, and the electron transport chain is in the _____________. a) mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrial inner membrane; cytoplasm. b) cy
- Consists of electron transport chain that generates an H+ gradient and chemiosmosis that uses that gradient to generate ATP a) oxidative phosphorylation b) citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) c) pyruvate (essentially the same as pyruvic a
- During oxidative phosphorylation, ATP is produced. What provides the energy for this production using ATP synthase? a. Acetyl-CoA b. Oxygen c. The proton gradient established by the Electron Transport Chain. d. Pyruvate
- If there is no oxygen in the mitochondrion, what process stops first? (a) pyruvate oxidation. (b) oxidative phosphorylation. (c) Krebs cycle. (d) glycolysis. (e) active transport of ATP.
- Glycolysis takes place in the __________ and the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain take place in the _________. a. cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum b. mitochondria; chloroplast c. mitochondria; cytoplasm d. cytoplasm; mitochondria
- Glycolysis occurs _______. (a) in the matrix of mitochondria (b) in the inner-membrane space (c) in the cytosol (d) in the nucleus of the cell (e) on enzymes located in the inner membrane.
- The electron transport chain and chemiosmosis are parts of: a. the citric acid cycle b. oxidative phosphorylation c. anaerobic cellular respiration d. glycolysis
- The primary purpose of the citric acid cycle is: A. aerobic glycolysis B. gluconeogenesis using lactate C. the decarboxylation of carbon compounds to produce NADH D. the shuttling of hydrogen ions through the inner mitochondrial membrane
- Occurs in the mitochondrion and converts the remains from glycolysis into NADH and FADH2, which then go to electron transport a) oxidative phosphorylation b) citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) c) pyruvate (essentially the same as pyruvic
- Glycolysis occurs: a. on enzymes located in the inner membrane. b. in the cytosol. c. in the inner membrane space. d. in the nucleus of the cell. e. in the matrix of mitochondria.
- During oxidative phosphorylation, the energy of the proton gradient is released by the exergonic movement of protons across the inner mitochondria membrane through (a) NADH (b) Th ATP synthase protein (c) Cytochrome proteins (d) O_2 (e) All of the above
- Glycolysis occurs in the, the Krebs cycle occurs in the, and the electron transport chain occurs in the membrane. a. mitochondria, mitochondria, mitochondrial b. cytoplasm, mitochondria, mitochondrial c. mitochondria, cytoplasm, plasma d. cytoplasm, cytop
- In eukaryotes, pyruvate oxidation occurs in the _______, and the citric acid cycle occurs in the _______. A) cytoplasm; mitochondrial matrix B) mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrial matrix C) outer mitochondrial membrane; inner mitochondrial membrane D) cyt
- During cellular respiration the H+ gradient required for the generation of ATP through chemiosmosis is established by: A. pumping H+ from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. B. pumping H+ from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. C. pu
- Glycolysis happens a. in the mitochondrial matrix b. in the bloodstream c. in the cell membrane d. in the cytoplasm of cells d. in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
- The metabolic cycle that begins with the molecule Acetyl CoA and produces most of the NADH and FADH for ATP production, is which of the following? a. Krebs Cycle b. ATP synthase activation by hydrogen ions c. Electron Transport System d. Glycolysis e. Fre
- Acetyl-CoA is used during: a) the electron transport system. b) glycolysis. c) fermentation. d) the Krebs cycle..
- During cellular respiration, oxygen: a. delivers electrons to the destination known as the citric acid cycle. b. is chemically converted to ATP. c. delivers its electrons to the electron transport chain. d. is reduce to NADP^{+}. e. acts the final electro
- During glycolysis: a. a glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvate molecules. b. the energy from electrons forms a proton gradient that is used to synthesize ATP. c. a glucose molecule is formed from carbon dioxide that is fixed by Rubisco. d. the
- If there is no O2 in the mitochondria, what process stops first? a. Pyruvate oxidation b. Oxidative phosphorylation c. Krebs Cycle d. Glycolysis e. Active transport of ATP
- Most of the ATP produced during aerobic cellular respiration are formed during: a. glycolysis b. electron transport and chemiosmosis c. citric acid cycle d. fermentation.
- Oxidative phosphorylation uses which of the following for energy production: (select all that apply) 1. electrons from NADH 2. membrane-associated electron transport chain 3. an ATP synthase 4. phosphoenolpyruvate 5. a proton motive force
- Pyruvate has to enter the mitochondria in order to enter the citric acid cycle. Will pyruvate cross the lipid bilayer membrane easily? Explain.
- The Krebs cycle in humans occurs in the: A. mitochondrial matrix. B. inner mitochondrial membrane. C. outer mitochondrial membrane. D. inter-membrane space.
- In cellular respiration, most ATP is produced directly as a result of [{Blank}]. a. the citric acid cycle b. substrate-level phosphorylation c. facilitative diffusion and chemiosmosis d. glycolysis e. proton pump f. pyruvate oxidation
- During glycolysis, _______. a. a glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvate molecules. b. a glucose molecule is formed from carbon dioxide that is fixed by Rubisco. c. the energy from electrons forms a proton gradient that is used to synthesize
- The end product of glycolysis that interacts with the mitochondria to enter into the aerobic part of the processes a) oxidative phosphorylation b) citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) c) pyruvate (essentially the same as pyruvic
- Both mitochondria and chloroplasts: A. obtain electrons from water. B. are surrounded by a single membrane. C. release oxygen as a by-product. D. use chemiosmosis to produce ATP. E. use a hydrogen ion concentration gradient to produce ATP. F. reduce NAD+,
- The citric acid cycle and electron transport/chemiosmosis occur in what part of the cell? a. Mitochondria b. Chloroplasts c. Thylakoid membranes d. Cytoplasm. e. Grana.
- Inside the Mitochondria The preparatory reaction converts _______ to _______ for use in the citric acid cycle. a. glucose; ATP b. ATP; carbon dioxide c. pyruvate; acetyl-CoA d. NADH; NAD+
- Mitochondrion a. connects cells b. movement c. ATP production d. protects DNA e. protein synthesis f. maintain internal environment g. photosynthesis
- When cells cannot carry out oxidative phosphorylation, they can synthesize ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation. a) Which enzymes of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle catalyze substrate-level phosphorylation? b) The O2 that we breathe in is not
- What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration? a. to receive electrons from the citric acid cycle and deliver them to the electron transport chain b. to catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP c. to accumulate in the mitochondrial intermembrane space to
- Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it is decarboxylated, oxidized, and combined with coenzyme A, forming acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, and one molecule of: (a) NADH (b) FADH2 (c) ATP (d) ADP (e) C6H12O6
- In aerobic cellular respiration, the function of oxygen is to: A. break acetyl CoA into carbon dioxide molecules. B. be the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. C. combine with ADP to form ATP in the electron transport chain. D. r
- In cellular respiration, most of the ATP produced from glucose occurs during this step? A. Glycolysis B. Electron Transport Chain C. Tricarboxylic acid Cycle D. Electron transport chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Electron carriers are oxidized during which of the following reactions? a) glycolysis b) citric acid cycle c) electron transport chain d) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA e) all of the above
- The role of oxygen gas in animal cells is to: a. Form ATP b. React with NAD+ to form NADH in the citric acid cycle c. Catalyze reactions in glycolysis d. Accept electrons from the electron transport chain
- Due to the mitochondrion's ability to generate mass amounts of ATP, it is called the of the cell. must combine with the carbohydrate to carry out cellular respiration within the mitochondria. During cellular respiration, carbohydrates are broken down into
- Where is ATP synthase located in the mitochondrion? A. electron transport chain B. outer mitochondrial membrane C. inner mitochondrial membrane D. mitochondrial matrix
- Adenosine triphosphate is produced during all of the following processes, except _____. A. Oxidative phosphorylation B. Krebs cycle C. Electron transport D. Glycation
- The mitochondrion gets its name as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because the majority of the ATP produced in our cells occurs within by the motor protein ATP synthase. Where does the energy to do this come from?
- Fill in the blanks: A molecule generated in both glycolysis and Krebs cycle, called _____, donates _____ to the first protein in the electron transport chain. (protons, NADH, electron gradient, ADP, FADH2, ATP, ATP synthase, water, proton gradient, elect
- The metabolic process that produces the most ATP molecules is a. glycolysis. b. the citric acid cycle. c. the electron transport chain. d. fermentation.
- NADH generated in the cytosol must be transported across the mitochondrial membrane in order to be oxidized by the electron transport chain. Which of the following shuttles or transporters can be used to facilitate the movement of cytosolic NADH into the
- The mitochondrial cristae (infoldings of the inner mitochondrial membrane) are an adaptation that a. helps the mitochondria divide during times of greatest cellular respiration. b. carefully encloses the DNA housed within the mitochondrial matrix. c. allo
- Cell respiration is a biochemical process that involves three sets of reactions and is carried out by most organisms. The reactions are glycolysis, the Krebs citric acid cycle, and electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation reactions. For the Krebs citr
- Glycolysis is and occurs in the. a. aerobic, mitochondria b. anaerobic, mitochondria c. anaerobic, cytoplasm d. aerobic, cytoplasm
- Which molecules transport electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain? a) NADH and FADH_2. b) ATP and ADP. c) GTP and GDP. d) Oxaloacetate and citric acid. e) None of the answers are correct.
- ATP synthase: a. is a protein involved in the last step of oxidative phosphorylation. b. is found in the inner membrane of mitochondria. c. uses a concentration gradient of protons to synthesize ATP. d. all of the above.
- In which reactions of cellular respiration and fermentation does substrate-level phosphorylation occur? A) only in glycolysis B) only in the citric acid cycle C) only in the electron transport chain D) in both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
- is an enzyme that can utilize the free energy in the hydrogen gradient (voltage) produced between the inner and outer membrane of the mitochondrion. The enzyme uses this energy to produce. a. ATP synthase, ATP b. PFK, ATP c. PFK, glucose d. ATP synthase,
- State in which process (glycolysis, citric acid cycle (Kreb's cycle), or oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain)) the most energy transfer from glucose to ATP occurs.
- Glycolysis occurs in the: a. cytoplasm. b. matrix. c. chloroplast. d. mitochondria. e. grana.
- The enzyme involved in shuttling carbons in gluconeogenesis from the mitochondria to the cytosol is called? A. Citrate synthase B. Malate dehydrogenase C. Oxaloacetate transferase D. Pyruvate kinase E. Oxaloacetate reductase
- If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis (the movement of hydrogen ions), you would find the pH of a mitochondrion to be at its lowest: a. in the mitochondrial matrix. b. on
- Glycolysis occurs in the cell's: a. cytosol b. mitochondria c. Golgi apparatus d. plasma membrane e. nucleus
- A poison can block the transport of H^+ across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Based on this information, which of the following is true? a. Glucose will not be broken down at all. b. The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) will be inhibited. c. ATP w
- Which molecules transport electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain? (a) NADH and FADH_2 (b) ATP and ADP (c) GTP and GDP (d) Oxaloacetate and citric acid (e) None of the above.
- Krebs cycle is to Calvin cycle as glycolysis is to __________. A. Chemiosmosis B. Pyruvate oxidation C. Oxidative phosphorylation D. None of the above (what is the answer)
- In respiration, most of the ATP is generated as a result of ___________. a. Fermentation b. Substrate-level phosphorylation, during glycolysis c. Substrate-level phosphorylation, during the citric acid cycle d. Oxidation of NADH via the ETC and PMF e.
- NADH synthesized is synthesized at what point during anaerobic respiration? a. chemiosmosis b. citric acid cycle c. electron transport d. glycolysis e. formation of acetyl coenzyme A
- Fill in the blanks: In oxidative phosphorylation by the electron transport chain in mitochondria , one molecule of NADH produces [{Blank}] molecules of ATP, and one molecule of FADH2 produces [{Blank}] molecules of ATP.
- The respiration pathway that evolved first is probably: a. glycolysis. b. aerobic respiration. c. citric acid cycle.
- The electron transport chain utilizes phosphorylation for the production of ATP.
- During respiration, which of the following processes generates the most ATP from a molecule of glucose under normal physiological conditions? A) Oxidative phosphorylation by ATP synthase. B) Substrate level phosphorylation by ATP synthase. C) Oxidative ph
- For each glucose molecule which completes aerobic respiration in a human, ____ ATP molecules are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation while _____ ATP are produced by chemiosmotic phosphorylation. a. 4; 28. b. 2; 28. c. 4; 32. d. 2; 32.
- Describe how each of the following contribute to the proton gradient across the membrane. i. NADH produced from the citric acid cycle ii. FADH2 produced from the citric acid cycle iii. NADH produced from glycolysis.
- During cellular respiration, NADH delivers its electron "cargo" to the first electron transport chain protein complex. a. is chemically converted into ATP. b. is the final electron acceptor. c. is irreversibly converted to NAD
- ATP is produced by cellular respiration: a. in the cytosol. b. in the mitochondrial matrix. c. at the mitochondrial membrane. d. all of these. e. none of these.
- The "aerobic" part of aerobic cellular respiration occurs during: a) glycolysis b) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA c) the citric acid cycle d) electron transport e) All of the above are aerobic processes.
- During oxidative phosphorylation, H2O is formed. Where does the oxygen for the synthesis of the water come from? A) carbon dioxide (CO2) B) glucose (C6H1206) C) molecular oxygen (O2) D) pyruvate (C3H3O3-) E) lactate (C3HSO3-)
- Where does the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) occur? A. Between the envelope membranes B. On the photosystem II reaction center (P680) C. In the mitochondrial matrix D. In the chloroplast stroma E. In the intermembrane space
- The energy given up by electrons as they move through the electron transport chain is used in which of the following processes? a) pumping H+ across a membrane b) the production of CO2 c) the oxidation of water d) the production of NADH and FADH2 e)
- During chemiosmosis in the mitochondria, ATP is produced as a. protons are pumped by ATP synthase into the mitochondria! matrix. b. cytochrome is reduced. c. oxygen - the final electron acceptor - is reduced. d. NADH is oxidized to NAD^+. e. none of the
- Under aerobic conditions, the free energy which is released from the catabolism of glucose goes (a) First to ATP, then to NADH, then to a proton gradient (b) First to a proton gradient, then to ATP, then to NADH (c) First to a proton gradient, then to
- During the Krebs cycle: a. NADH is oxidized. b. ATP is produced. c. pyruvate is produced. d. acetyl-CoA gains a carbon to form pyruvate.
- During aerobic respiration , pyruvate is oxidized into Select one : a. acetyl - CoA b. carbon dioxide c . ethanol d. glucose Both chloroplasts and mitochondria use the process of chemiosmosis to produce ATP . Which of the following explains how this
- Which of the following processes produces the most ATP? (a) aerobic glycolysis (b) anaerobic glycolysis (c) tricarboxylic acid cycle (d) electron transport chain (e) oxidative phosphorylation.
- Which molecule is produced by the Citric Acid Cycle and is used by the electron transport chain? A. NADH B. GTP C. ATP D. CO_2
- Pyruvate enters the _____ for the second stage of aerobic respiration. a. cytosol b. lysosome c. plasma membrane d. mitochondrion e. nucleus
- Where does the citric acid cycle take place in prokaryotic cells? a. mitochondrial matrix b. mitochondrial outer membrane c. mitochondrial inner membrane d. mitochondrial intermembrane space e. cytosol
- During cellular respiration, after pyruvate is oxidized into acetyl-CoA, but prior to the citric acid cycle, where is most of the potential energy that was stored in glucose?
- Chemiosmosis of H^+ ions accumulate: a. inside the chloroplast. b. near the outer membrane. c. in the stroma. d. in the thylakoid space. e. on the thylakoid membrane.
- During glycolysis, a glucose molecule will be split into two 3-carbon molecules. a. acetyl CoA b. pyruvic acid c. ATP d. oxaloacetatic acid e. NADPH
- What is the role of NAD^+ in cellular respiration? (a) To receive electrons from the citric acid cycle and deliver them to the electron transport chain (b) To catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP (c) To accumulate in the mitochondrial intermembran
- The majority of ATP in aerobic respiration is produced by: a. the Krebs cycle b. glycolysis c. the electron transport chain d. photolysis
- Glycolysis is the process by which: a. Glucose is broken down to CO_2. b. Energy is extracted from glucose. c. Glucose is reformed with a net gain in energy. d. Oxygen is reduced and a proton gradient is established across the mitochondrial membrane.
- Cellular respiration includes the metabolic pathways of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. ln cellular respiration, carbohydrates and other metabolites (i.e. glycerol and fatty acids) are oxidized, and the r
- The enzyme that forms a transmembrane channel in mitochondria and phosphorylates ADP: a. a carrier protein. b. ATP synthase. c. acetyl CoA.
- During which cellular process is ATP not released? a. Calvin cycle. b. Krebs cycle. c. Glycolysis. d. Electron transport chain.
- Where do the carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up following the Krebs cycle? A. They enter the electron transport chain and make ATP. B. They become part of a carbon dioxide molecule and end up in the atmosphere. C. They join with citric acid to make Acety
- In cellular respiration, the steps following glycolysis depend on whether oxygen is present. Select the best explanation: a. Regardless if oxygen is present or not, the production of acetyl-CoA, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain follow i
- Where do electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation occur in your cells? a. in the cytosol b. in the cell plasma membrane c. in high energy-requiring compartments in tissues like brain and muscle d. in the matrix of the mitochondria e. in the outer
- Where does electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation occur in your cells? a. in the cytosol b. in the cell plasma membrane c. in high energy requiring compartments in tissues like brain and muscle d. in the matrix of the mitochondria e. in the
- In cellular respiration, the steps following glycolysis depend on whether oxygen is present. Select the best explanation a) Regardless if oxygen is present or not, the production of acetyl-CoA, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain follow in
- Energy production occurs at the _______ utilizing the _______. (a) mitochondria, glycolysis (b) mitochondria, proton motive force (c) cytoplasmic membrane, glycolysis (d) cytoplasmic membrane, proton motive force (e) mitochondria, G- protein receptors.
- Which enzyme of the citric acid cycle is embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane? A. Fumurase B. Malate dehydrogenase C. Isocitrate dehydrogenase D. Succinate dehydrogenase E. Aconitase
- Cytochrome c is a small protein associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion that functions as an essential part of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration. Cytochrome c is a critical part of the metabolic process of vastly differen
- Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen is present or absent? a. electron transport b. glycolysis c. citric acid cycle d. oxidative phosphorylation e. chemiosmosis
Explore our homework questions and answers library
Browse
by subject