Our ability to make purchases is: a. Constrained by the prices of goods and services b. Not...
Question:
Our ability to make purchases is:
a. Constrained by the prices of goods and services
b. Not constrained by our incomes
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above
Purchasing:
The planned procurement of commodities and amenities for meeting the desire or need of the buyer is known as purchasing. It takes purchasing efforts to acquire all essential items and services swiftly and economically.
Answer and Explanation: 1
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answerThe correct option is a. Constrained by the prices of goods and services.
Every individual, organization, and government must acquire essential items...
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:

from
Chapter 1 / Lesson 20When deciding to make a purchase, consumers often go through a few stages before making the final purchase decision. Explore the definition and hierarchy of the five stages of purchase decisions that all consumers make when making a product choice.
Related to this Question
- In allocating their limited incomes over a large set of goods and services, consumers should purchase those goods and services that: a. provide the most utility. b. fit their tastes and preferences. c. provide the most utility per dollar spent. d. are rea
- Maxine has a fixed income per month to spend on goods and services, so in allocating her limited income over a set of goods, she should purchase the goods that _____. A. have the highest utility regardless of price B. have the highest marginal utility C.
- A consumers budget constraint identifies the different bundles of goods and services that can be purchased, given income and prices. A bundle of goods that is located inside the budget constraint: i.
- A primary function of prices in a market economy is to provide participants with a. relevant economic information. b. relevant spending limits. c. an equitable distribution of goods and services. d. All of the above are correct.
- Ted's income is $160 and he spends on two goods. Price of y is $10 and price of x is $10 up to 8 units. If he buys more than 8 units, then additional units are priced at $20. Describe her budget constraint and Show it diagrammatically.
- All points on or below a budget constraint: a) are attainable with the given income b) are equally desirable c) represent market basket combinations that exhaust the income available d) are described, in part, by a, b, and c above
- The value of your money income, in terms of buying goods and services, is referred to as your money's: a. transaction cost b. rigidity factor c. staying power d. purchasing power
- Market power is the ability _____. a. to set prices and quantities sold b. of capitalists to exploit the working classes c. to set prices d. All of the above.
- The affordable set of goods and services for the consumer is bounded on which side of the budget line?
- Utility function from consuming a bundle of goods (X,Y) is given as and Prices are given as =($2, $4), and income M=$100 1. Derive the optimum consumption bundle. 2. If prices now change to =($4, $4).
- Priyesh's preferences for goods x and y is given by the utility function U = x2/3y1/3. His income is $192 and the price of good y is always $1. Suppose the price of x starts at $8 and then decrease
- Consumer protection laws might result in _______. (a) low prices of products and services (b) fewer unwanted promotional calls (c) sale of goods and services to the consumers through coercion (d) monopolization of the market.
- Utility You are choosing between two goods, X and Y, and your marginal utility from each is show in the table below. your income is $14 and the prices of X and Y are $ 2 and $ 1 respectively. || Uni
- Budget constraints impose scarcity, and are based upon a. How much utility one more unit of a good will provide b. The prices of the items purchased c. The limitation of the budget
- In the consumer choice problem, consumers are confronted with which of the following? a. A finite budget that constrains the quantity of goods and services that consumers can buy. b. A set of prices for those goods and services. c. A set of different con
- Does inflation mean that goods and services are expensive?
- Show two consumers, purchasing a basket of goods, each that maximizes their happiness, subject to their budget line. Make sure they face the same prices, but otherwise, their incomes and preferences can be different. Do not violate any properties of ICs.
- Give examples of goods with high utility and high prices, and goods with low utility and low prices.
- Budget constraints impose scarcity, and are based upon a) the limitation of the budget. b) how much utility one more unit of a good will provide. c) the prices of the items purchased.
- Budget constraints impose scarcity and are based upon: a) the limitation of the budget. b) how much utility is one more unit of a goodwill provide. c) the prices of the items purchased.
- In order to maximize utility, consumers need to A. purchase where the total utility is highest regardless of price. B. have the MU per last dollar spent across goods they buy equal or as close as possible. C. purchase where the price is lowest regardless
- Absolute PPP holds for a product bundle if: A. there exists free trade in all the commodities. B. the goods are traded with minimum transportation costs. C. the law of one price holds for each of the goods in the bundle.
- A price that discourages entry is called a A. fair price. B. limit price. C. minimum price. D. all of these choices E. none of the above choices
- A price ceiling is usually set _ the equilibrium price. a. Above b. At c. Below d. At or above
- Leyla consumes goods X and Y. The price of good X is P_X and the price of good Y is P_Y. Leyla's income is I. If both prices and Leyla's income decrease by 50%, then the A. slope of the budget constraint will decrease. B. slope of the budget constraint wi
- Which of the following prevents the purchasing power parity theorem from holding perfectly? a. transportation costs b. goods that cannot be shipped c. tariffs and quotas d. transportation costs, goods that cannot be shipped, and tariffs and quotas
- If there are sticky wages, and the price level is greater than what was expected, then: A. the quantity of aggregate goods and services supplied falls, as shown by a movement to the left along the
- Tom's income is $480, and he spends it on two goods: X and Y. His utility function is U = XY. Both X and Y sell for $8 per unit. a. Use the Lagrangian function to calculate Tom's utility-maximizing purchases of X and Y. b. If the price of Y increased to $
- Leyla consumes goods X and Y. The price of good X is Px and the price of good Y is Py, Leyla s income is I. If both prices and Leyla s income decrease by 50%, then the A) slope of the budget constraint will decrease. B) slope of the budget constraint will
- A consumption bundle that lies inside the individual's budget line is a consumption bundle that: A) does not maximize the individual's utility given their tastes, income, and the price of the goods. B) does not exhaust the individual's income. C) the indi
- Consumption is defined as expenditures by: a. consumers on final goods and services. b. businesses on final goods and services. c. government on final goods and services. d. all of the above
- The budget line is the boundary between a. goods and bads. b. preferred and nonpreferred consumption combinations. c. income and expenditure. d. affordable and unaffordable consumption combinations. e
- A budget line graphically illustrates: a) The possible prices of goods, b) The amount of one good that can be purchased with a given income, given the price of that good, c) The possible combinations of two goods that can be purchased with a given income,
- Suppose the utility function for an individual is given by u(x, y) = x + y, where x and y are two goods. The budget constraint of an individual is 2x + 5y = 10, where I = 10 is the income of an individual, P_x = 2 - the price of good x, and P_y = 5 - the
- John consumes two goods, X and Y, given the following utility function U = X^3Y^2. The price of X is P_X = $10 and the price of Y is P_Y = $20. A. If John's income (M) is $1,500, what is his maximizing utility bundle? B. Say that P_X falls by $5. What is
- Assuming the following were the only goods and services purchased in an economy in the year 2014, in 2010 it cost $300 to purchase the same basket. | Product |Quantity| Prices | Apples| 100 |$0.50 |Shirts |30 |10.00 |Haircuts |20 |3.00 a. How much di
- Terry's utility function over leisure (L) and other goods (Y ) is U(L, Y ) = Y + LY. The associated marginal utilities are MUY = 1 + L and MUL = Y. He purchases other goods at a price of$1, out of the income he earns from working. Show that, no matter wha
- An indifference map shows _____. a. all combinations of two goods that provide the same level of utility b. the combination of goods that a consumer can afford to buy c. all combinations of price and
- When incomes fall by 20 percent, the quantity demanded of specialty baked goods falls by 50 percent. Specialty baked goods are a. inferior goods. b. necessities. c. substitutes for mass-produced bread. d. luxuries. e. complements to butter.
- When incomes fall by 20 percent, quantity demanded of specialty baked goods falls by 50 percent. Specialty baked goods are: a. inferior goods. b. necessities. c. substitutes for mass-produced bread. d. luxuries. e. complements to butter.
- Lower input costs what, compared to the level of RGDP supplied at any given price level?
- Goods and services are priced in terms of U.S. dollars in the United States. This makes relative prices of goods and services easy to calculate and reduces transaction costs. This is an example of money functioning as: a. standard of deferred payment. b
- 1. The CPI reflects: a. changes in the prices of goods and services typically purchased by consumers. b. the level of prices for intermediate goods and services purchased by business. c. the level
- A buy-side intermediary threat of e-commerce is: a. less flexibility in switching procurement b. increase in the cost of supplies c. drives down the cost of commoditized products d. reduction in customer loyalty e. none of the above
- All there is are movies (m) and food (f). The price of movies is $10 while the price of food is $5. I have $145 to spend on these two goods. My preferences are described by the following utility function: u(m, f) = m + f + mf. In order to raise revenues,
- How do consumers choose what goods to purchase? 1. They purchase the least expensive goods so that they can maximize the amount of products they own. 2. They choose items that are easily accessible and have minimal shipping costs. 3. They minimize thei
- How might forward-looking individuals overcome the limitations of an underdeveloped financial system? A. They can use the additional funds to purchase more consumption goods today and incur the costs in the future. B. They can buy an asset that could be u
- Transaction costs A. are the costs of bringing buyers and sellers together for exchanges B. are always minimized when consumers purchase directly from producers C. Both of the above D. Neither of the above
- Public goods are goods that: a. are provided by the government to prevent the private sector from charging too much. b. are nonrival in consumption. c. should be paid for by charging fees. d. are produced mainly by state-owned enterprises.
- The price for x is $4 and the price for y is $1. The consumer has $24 to spend on both goods. What is the basket that maximizes total utility? What is the value of total utility of that bundle? Show a
- All there is are movies (m) and food (f). The price of movies is $10 while the price of food is $5. I have $145 to spend on these two goods. My preferences are described by the following utility function: u(m, f) = m + f + mf. In order to raise revenue
- 1. Generally, the more liquid an asset is: A) the lower its purchasing power. B) the lower its rate of return. C) the higher its capacity to store value over time. D) the higher its rate of return
- To make a choice among combinations of goods with a cost in money, based upon the principle of rational choice, one need not know: a. the total utility of the combination of goods b. the marginal utility of each good c. the price of each good d. any of th
- Consider a rational utility maximizing consumer who is choosing between two goods clothing (C) and food (F), where the total utilities of the two goods are independent so that total utility (U) = Util
- In our society, goods and services are allocated primarily based on (Select one): a. prices of goods and services, within our free market and free trade enterprise system b. federal government dicta
- The elasticity concepts, price, income, and cross price can all be applied to everyday purchasing of goods and services. Give examples of how each applies to your own purchasing of goods and services.
- Max has a utility function U(x, y) = 2xy + 1. The prices of x and y are both $1 and Max has an income of $20. a. How much of each goodwill does he demands? b. A tax is placed on x so that x now costs Max $2 while his income and the price of y stay the s
- Medical Goods M A. A decrease in the price of drugs relative to medical goods would move us from point ______ to point _____. B. The rational consume would never purchase drugs between points ____ and
- Which is NOT an inefficiency caused by binding price ceilings? a. inefficient allocation to consumers b. illegal activity c. wasted resources d. inefficient allocation of sales among sellers
- An agent consumes goods x and y, with prices Px = $5 per unit and Py = $8 per unit. The consumer's income is I = $48. The government imposes a tax of $1 per unit on good x. What is the new equation for the budget constraint? a) y = 6 - (5/8)x b) y = 6 -
- John consumes two goods, X and Y, given the following utility function: U = X^3Y^2 The price of X (Px) = $10 , and the price of Y (Py) = $20. a) If John's income (M) is $1,500, then his maximizing utility bundle is: X = Y = b) Say the Px falls by $5. The
- When Marietta chooses to only purchase a combination of goods that lie within her budget line, she: a) is decreasing utility. b) likely has negative savings. c) is maximizing utility. d) must reduce the quantity.
- 11. A consumer has $400 in income, the price of food is $1 and the price of Y is $1. Also, the consumer has $100 in SNAP benefits that can only be used for food. BCno S is her budget constraint with n
- John consumes two goods, X and Y, given the following utility function: U = X^3Y^2 The price of X (Px) = $10 , and the price of Y (Py) = $20. a. If John's income (M) is $1,000, then his maximizing uti
- A line representing all the possible combinations of two commodities that a consumer can purchase at a particular time, given the market prices of the commodities and the consumer's income, is a(n): a. budget line. b. consumption line. c. income consum
- Assume that a person's utility over two goods is given by U(x1, x2) = (x1 - 5)^{1/3}(x2 - 10)^{2/3} The price of good x1 is equal to p1 and the price of good x2 is p2. The total income of the individual is given by I. (a) Write down the budget constrai
- Rent control is an example of ____. a. a price ceiling b. a price floor c. a price gouging law d. None of the above
- Households: a) Purchase final goods and services in the factor market, b) Purchase final goods and services in the product market, c) Purchase resources in the product market, d) Purchase resources in the factor market.
- Your budget is $50. The price of amusement goods is $10. If the price of clothes falls to $4, which of the following statements is true? a. The marginal-utility-to-price ratio for clothes will decrease. b. The marginal-utility-to-price ratio for clothes w
- The slope of a budget constraint line is influenced by: a. the tastes and preferences of the decision-maker. b. none of the above c. how much one item costs compared to the cost of the other item. d. how effectively one more of each of the two competing g
- Agent i's preferences over goods x and y can be represented by the utility function Ui (x, y)=x1/2 y1/2. Let M denote i's income and px and py denote the prices of the respective goods. Use the Lagran
- Which of the following policies could lead to a deadweight loss? A. Maximum prices. B. Minimum prices. C. Welfare policies. D. All of the above. E. A. and B. only.
- The consumer is choosing between two goods- good1 and good2. Good 1 is priced at $2 and good 2 is priced at $3. The consumer has a total of $600 to spend on both the goods. Let the utility function of the consumer be U (X1, X2) = Min (X1,X2) a) Calculat
- John consumes two goods, X and Y, given the following utility function: U = X^3Y^2 The price of X(Px) = $10, and the price of Y(Py) = $20. A. If John's income (M) is $1000, what is his maximizing utility bundle? B. Say the Px falls by $5. Find the new
- 1. A price floor is usually set .......... the equilibrium price. a) Above. b) At. c) Below. d) At or below.
- Willingness to pay: A. is the lowest price that a buyer is willing and able to pay for a unit of good. B. is equal to the price of the highest-priced goods in a consumption bundle. C. is equal to the price of the lowest-priced goods in a consumption bundl
- Over time we observe the prices of goods and services we buy increase. Often these price increases are quite visible but sometimes grocery stores use ingenious ways to conceal the rising prices. You have surely noticed that grocers instead of raising pric
- All there is are movies (m) and food (f). The price of movies is $10 while the price of food is $5. I have $145 to spend on these two goods. My preferences are described by the following utility function: u(m, f) = m + f + mf. What is my level of utility
- You have $100 to spend on food, housing, and clothing. Explain how their marginal utilities should be related to their respective prices to maximize utility. Generalize the result for any number of commodities.
- Consider a consumer who consumes two goods and has utility function u(x_1, x_2) = x_2 + \sqrt{x_1}. The price of good 2 is 1, the price of good 1 is p, and income is m. Show that a) both goods are n
- A consumer might respond to a negative incentive because it could be a chance to: a. purchase a very popular item. b. avoid additional charges. c. buy a good at a cheap price. d. take advantage of a sale.
- Refer to the above diagram. There is a surplus of about 100 units when the market price is A. $800. B. $600. C. $400. D. None of the above
- Price floors are designed to: a. establish a minimum allowable price b. create shortages when none existed before c. allow free-market prices to be achieved d. none of these
- In a free-enterprise system, consumers decide? a. how to set prices b. which goods to export c. how to use materials d. which services to buy
- A utility function is U(x, y) = min {x, y2}. If the price of x is $25, the price of y is $10, and consumer chooses 5 units of y. How much is the consumer's income?
- Dynamic Pricing: Would it be feasible to sell digital goods with an algorithm that tracks sales and automatically adjusts for maximum revenue?
- The largest percentage of household spending is used to: a. pay taxes. b. purchase services. c. purchase durable goods. d. purchase nondurable goods.
- The system of allocating scarce resources by charging high prices favors: a. the poor b. only citizens c. the government d. the wealthy
- For a commodity to have value, it must possess the following characteristics except: A. Scarcity B. Transferability C. Price D. Utility
- Consider the utility function u(x, y) = 2 ln x + ln y. Initially, the prices are px = $2/unit and py = $1/unit. The consumer has an income of $18. Suppose the price of good x increases to px = $3/unit. What is the new optimal consumption bundle? Illustr
- When a firm requires a customer to buy additional products in order to buy one of its products, this is known as a(n): a) bundling contract. b) price differentiation. c) oligopolistic device. d) two-part tariff. e) maximizing device.
- Due to price discrimination of second and third degree, social welfare is reduced since it creates deadweight loss. Though, consumers are offered price according to their paying capacity. In maximum cases, consumers surplus/ welfare falls by how much?
- A buy-side supplier threat of e-commerce is: a. less flexibility in switching procurement b. increase in the cost of supplies c. drives down the cost of commoditized products d. reduction in customer loyalty e. none of the above
- A form of strategic entry deterrence is: a) Forming a cartel b) Maintaining excess capacity c) Limit pricing d) Both b and c e) All of the above
- "We should impose a 20 percent luxury tax on expensive automobiles (those with a sales price of $50,000 or more) in order to collect more tax revenue from the wealthy." Will the burden of the proposed
- A price floor tries to keep prices ______ and, when non-binding, is put at a price _____ the equilibrium price. a. high; above b. low; above c. high; below d. low; below
- Your income is $40. The price of each unit of food is $2, and the price of each unit of clothing is $10. Draw a graph of your budget line. Now, your income rises to $50 and the prices of food and clot
- Given an individual's current consumption patterns, we know that the person is consuming in such a manner that he is maximizing his satisfaction. Given a decrease in the price of one of the goods he normally purchases, what will happen to the consumer's t
- Assume that a consumer can purchase only two goods: R (recreation) and M (material goods). The market price of R is $2 and the market price of M is $1. The consumer spends all her income in such a way
- A "price taker" is a firm that a. can raise the price of the product (above the market price) and still sell some units of its product. b. does not have the ability to control the price of the product it sells. c. sells a differentiated product. d. doe