Hallucinogens are drugs that: \\ a. slow the ongoing activity of the central nervous system b....
Question:
Hallucinogens are drugs that:
a. slow the ongoing activity of the central nervous system
b. increase central nervous system activity and enhance neural transmission
c. produce fractured perceptions
d. bind to endorphin receptors and alleviate pain
Types of Psychoactive Substances:
Based on their physiological and psychological effects, psychoactive substances can be grouped into four major categories. These categories are stimulants, hallucinogens, opioids, and depressants.
Answer and Explanation:
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answerThe correct solution to this problem is provided by option C: produce fractured perceptions.
To elaborate, upon consumption, a hallucinogen will:...
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:
Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library
Hallucinogens: Definition, Types & Examples
from
Chapter 19 / Lesson 9
28K
Learn what hallucinogens are. Discover a hallucinogens definition and learn how psychedelic drugs such as LSD affect somebody's mental and perceptual abilities.
Related to this Question
- Stimulants are drugs that: a. increase central nervous system activity and enhance neural transmission b. slow the ongoing activity of the central nervous system c. produce fractured perceptions d. bind to endorphin receptors and alleviate pain
- Depressants are drugs that: \\ a. slow the ongoing activity of the central nervous system b. increase central nervous system activity and enhance neural transmission c. produce fractured perceptions d. bind to endorphin receptors and alleviate pain
- Opiates are drugs that: \\ a. slow the ongoing activity of the central nervous system b. increase central nervous system activity and enhance neural transmission c. bind to endorphin receptors and alleviate pain d. produce fractured perceptions
- Drugs that increase central nervous system activity and enhance neural transmission are called: \\ a. depressants b. hallucinogens c. stimulants d. opiates
- Marijuana, LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin cause their effects by \\ a. slowing the removal of glutamate after it is released. b. depressing activity in the nervous system. c. simulating the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. d. affecting neurotransmitter
- Drugs that bind to endorphin receptors and alleviate pain are called: \\ a. opiates b. depressants c. stimulants d. hallucinogens
- LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) produces its effects by: \\ a. increasing levels of dopamine in the central nervous system b. mimicking the action of serotonin c. decreasing levels of acetylcholine in the peripheral nervous system d. increasing endor
- Drugs that increase the functioning of the central and peripheral nervous systems are known as A. narcotics. B. stimulants. C. depressants. D. hallucinogens.
- Psychoactive drugs influence the activity of the brain by causing more of which of the following substances to be released or by prolonging or by mimicking these substances' actions? A. Neurotransmitters B. Charged positrons C. Sodium ions D. Potassiu
- PCP inhibits the neurotransmitter {Blank}, which is involved in the perception of pain, responses to the environment, and memory. a. dopamine b. serotonin c. acetylcholine d. glutamate
- Drugs that decrease the functioning of the central and peripheral nervous systems are known as a. narcotics. b. stimulants. c. depressants. d. hallucinogens.
- Opiates primarily tend to [{Blank}]. a. cause distortions in perception b. speed up central nervous system activity c. depress the cerebral cortex d. block pain and produce a feeling of pleasure
- The neurotransmitters that regulate the activity of other neurons and affect memory, pain, emotion, pleasure, mood, hunger, sexual behavior, and other basic processes are called \\ a. somatic ions. b. amyl opiates. c. organic placebos. d. neuropeptide
- Psychoactive drugs are a. those that are physiologically addicting. b. substances capable of altering attention, perception, self-control, time sense, and emotions. c. a class of dangerous prescription drugs that have potentially harmful physiological sid
- Psilocybin's effects on the nervous system are due to its: a. excitatory influence on serotonin receptors b. inhibitory action on dopamine receptors c. similarity to cocaine with regard to chemical makeup d. binding to serotonin receptors
- Addictive drugs increase dopamine activity in the medial forebrain bundle and the nucleus accumbens, which, in turn, gives rise to intensified feelings of pleasure due to which region of the cortex being stimulated? A. Parietal B. Temporal C. Frontal
- Most psychoactive drugs taken by humans primarily affect the ____. a. movement of ions across the membrane of the axon b. activity of neurotransmitters in the synapse c. development of myelin around the axon d. creation or death of neurons in the brain
- Cocaine is regarded as particularly dangerous because it {Blank}. \\ a. reduces feelings of pain b. produces powerful and positive hallucinations c. depresses central nervous system functioning d. reaches the brain very quickly
- Addictive drugs stimulate a brain region called the nucleus accumbens, which results in intensified feelings of pleasure due to the release of which neurotransmitter? a. acetylcholine b. melatonin c. norepinephrine d. dopamine
- Psychoactive drugs may affect nervous system activity by \rule{1in}{.2mm}. A. blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters B. exhibiting a placebo effect C. being stored in body fat D. altering hormone metabolism
- What is the name of the chemicals that alter our consciousness, sensations, perceptions, mood, and cognitive processes? (a) psychosomatic drugs (b) psycho medicinal drugs (c) psychoactive drugs (d) illicit drugs.
- Drugs that slow the ongoing activity of the central nervous system are called: \\ a. stimulants b. depressants c. hallucinogens d. peptides
- Nearly all addictive drugs \\ a. increase the activity in all the brain cells. b. prolong the action of transmitter chemicals. c. stimulate the brain's reward circuitry. d. mimic natural neurotransmitters.
- Which of the following drugs stimulates the brain by blocking chemicals that normally inhibit or slow nerve activity and results in increased alertness, sweating, tinnitus, talkativeness, and hand tremors? \\ a. GHB b. mescaline c. caffeine d. codeine
- Medicines like Ibuprofen reduce pain by: a. Decreasing pain signals allowed through the "gate" b. Stimulating areas of the brain responsible for pleasure and reward c. Reducing nociceptor activation d. Activating top-down pain control mechanisms
- Many of the mind-altering drugs affect the brain by a. absorbing neural impulses. b. imitating, duplicating, or canceling the effects of neurotransmitters. c. changing the sodium balance in the synapse. d. duplicating the effect of potassium in the nuclei
- Addictive drugs do all of the following EXCEPT a. cause the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to be released, resulting in intensified feelings of fear and paranoia. b. fool brain-reward pathways creating a compulsion to repeat the drug experience. c. stimul
- Cocaine's effects on the nervous system center around its ability to: a. decrease the amount of neurotransmitters available in the nervous system b. block reuptake of dopamine c. increase reuptake in the synapse d. decrease the sensitivity of receptor
- The acupuncture needles activate the small pain fibers, which: a. cause sensory adaptation to the pain messages. b. create sensory conflict within the pain response matrix of the brain. c. close the spinal gate to the pain directly. d. relay through the c
- Psychoactive drugs: a. affect both behavior and mental processes by altering unconscious awareness b. affect behavior but have no impact on mental processes c. affect mental processes but have no impact on behavior d. affect both behavior and menta
- Endorphins are endogenous, which means they a. decrease the functioning of the immune system. b. do not occur naturally in the brain and bloodstream. c. increase pain messages to the brain. d. occur naturally in the brain and the bloodstream.
- Drugs that produce fractured perceptions are called: \\ a. hallucinogens b. depressants c. stimulants d. opiates
- Alcohol is a(n) [{Blank}]. a. stimulant, because it causes a feeling of well-being b. hallucinogen, because it distorts reality c. depressant, because it slows down nervous system activity d. opiate, because it reduces feelings of pain
- Psychoactive drugs alter consciousness by a. raising the metabolic rate within the body. b. changing the blood volume level of various substances within the body. c. deactivating the ganglia within the somatic nervous system. d. directly influencing brain
- The neurotransmitter(s) linked to pleasure and alleviation of pain is (are) a. norepinephrine. b. endorphins. c. serotonin. d. acetylcholine.
- The neurotransmitter(s) linked to pleasure and alleviation of pain is (are) a. norepinephrine. b. serotonin. c. endorphins. d. acetylcholine.
- Santana steps on a tack and jerks her foot back. This pain will A. raise her endorphin levels. B. lower her endorphin levels. C. cause depolarization of her pain receptors. D. cause a repolarization of her pain receptors.
- Which of the following types of psychoactive drugs increase activity of the nervous system, resulting in heightened alertness, arousal, and euphoria? a. hallucinogens b. opiates c. stimulants d. marijuana
- Drugs that affect both behavior and mental processes by altering conscious awareness are called: \\ a. pharmacological drugs b. tropic drugs c. clinical drugs d. psychoactive drugs
- Endorphins ____. a. are a type of neurotransmitter that block pain messages b. facilitate and increase the activity of dopamine c. create the sense of fatigue and pain felt when the body is stressed d. are associated with cell death following brain injury
- Opioid peptides suppress pain by: a. Stimulates the release of dopamine b. Enhancing the action of the neurotransmitter glutamate c. Inhibiting the action of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus d. Blocking calcium (Ca2+) channels and opening potassium (K+)
- Through the stimulation of which brain region do addictive drugs cause the neurotransmitter dopamine to be released, resulting in intensified feelings of pleasure? a. pons b. nucleus accumbens c. lateral reticular formation d. pineal gland
- Which of the following drugs cause(s) more neurotransmitters to be released, which, in turn, increases the activity of the brain cells? a. Alcohol. b. Cocaine. c. Amphetamines. d. Nicotine.
- Alcohol, marijuana, caffeine, LSD, and cocaine are examples of chemical agents that alter perceptions and emotions. These substances are collectively known as a. narcotics. b. stimulants. c. depressants. d. psychoactive drugs.
- Psychedelic drugs cause which of the following effects? a. sleepiness b. changes in time perception c. reductions in anxiety d. twitching
- Commonly abused drugs, such as cocaine, amphetamine, heroin, nicotine, marijuana, and alcohol, activate pleasure pathways within the _____ system. a. endocrine b. reticular activating c. somatosensory d. limbic
- According to the gate control theory: a. rubbing a painful area triggers nonpainful impulses which compete with painful impulses b. the spinal cord allows only painful impulses to pass through and reach the brain c. pain is reduced by distracting yours
- Drugs such as morphine and heroin that depress nervous system activity that result in reduced anxiety and lower sensitivity to pain are known technically as ____________________. (Fill in the blank with correct word)
- Some psychoactive drugs help in the reduction of pain by inhibiting the release of substance P. These drugs: \\ a. bind to GABA receptor sites b. bind to opiate receptor sites c. block norepinephrine receptor sites d. block dopamine receptor sites
- Caffeine stimulates the brain: a. by causing more neurotransmitters to be released. b. through the mimicry of specific neurotransmitters in the brain. c. by blocking chemicals that normally inhibit or slow nerve activity. d. by prolonging the action of ce
- Needles inserted into the body during the acupuncture procedure may relieve pain because the pain \\ a. results in the release of neuropeptides. b. blocks the functioning of pain-relieving neurons. c. paralyzes the central nervous system. d. suppresse
- Melzack's theory that some pain messages can block other pain messages is called a. physiological nystagmus. b. the endorphin theory. c. the gate control theory. d. receptor interlocking.
- People, who take the hallucinogenic drug PCP have symptoms that closely mimic schizophrenia because PCP affects which of the following neurotransmitters in the brain? a. glutamate b. histamine c. acetylcholine d. schizotoxin
- Cocaine and amphetamines increase the production of which neurotransmitters? a. GABA and endorphins b. acetylcholine and endorphins c. norepinephrine and dopamine d. acetylcholine and GABA
- Cocaine and amphetamines increase the production of which neurotransmitters? a. GABA and endorphins. b. norepinephrine and dopamine. c. acetylcholine and endorphins. d. acetylcholine and GABA.
- A cocaine user experiences a decline in mood or "crash" because when cocaine levels drop, the: a. receiving neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters b. sending neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters c. receiving neurons absorb more neurotransmitters d. send
- Morphine and codeine are two examples of drugs that exert their effects by ____. a. Blocking reuptake of neurotransmitters b. Mimicking the properties of neurotransmitters c. Destroying neurotransmitters d. Increasing production of neurotransmitters
- Sensations occur: a. when a stimulus activates a receptor causing an impulse that is processed by the brain b. right after we experience illusions c. after the sense organs engage in perception d. once you react to the sensory input
- Hallucinogens affect which neurotransmitters in the brain? A. GABA B. Dopamine C. It varies
- Administration of a drug that prevents the movement of Ca^{++} ions across the neural membrane into the cell is likely to [{Blank}] a. increase neurotransmitter release. b. decrease the strength of the action potential. c. decrease neurotransmitter rel
- The brain produces opiate-like neural regulators that help relieve stress and pain, which are called a. acetylcholine inhibitors. b. somatic ions. c. enkephalins. d. neurilemmas.
- The small gaps in the myelin act to a. decrease the speed of transmission of nerve impulses. b. increase the speed of transmission of nerve impulses. c. decrease or increase the transmission of nerve impulses, depending on the state of the firing neuro
- Illicit use of which of the following drugs has become widespread, especially by people seeking to stay awake and by those who think these drugs can improve their mental or physical performance? a. mescaline and psilocybin b. GHB and Rohypnol c. amphetami
- Cocaine triggers an increase in which neurotransmitter resulting in a drug ''high'' in the reward system of the brain? \\ a. serotonin b. acetylcholine c. dopamine d. GABA
- If you are currently taking a drug that affects your behavior, most likely, it is affecting the ____. a. speed or your action potentials b. strength of your action potentials c. number of new neurons your brain produces d. activity occurring within your s
- When noticing an emotional stimulus, what is the fastest pathway of neural activity? a. eyes, amygdala, visual cortex b. eyes, thalamus, amygdala c. eyes, visual cortex, thalamus d. eyes, thalamus, visual cortex, thalamus
- A mechanical process resulting in the stimulation of the senses and the transmission of sensory information to the brain or spinal cord is called ______. a. Perception. b. Absolute threshold. c. Sensation. d. Dark adaptation.
- A mechanical process resulting in the stimulation of the senses and the transmission of sensory information to the brain or spinal cord is called [{Blank}]. a. perception b. sensation c. absolute threshold d. dark adaptation
- Hallucinogenic drugs produce sensations and perceptions in the absence of external stimulation. These drugs may also have additional effects such as [{Blank}] a. relaxation. b. euphoria. c. panic. d. all of these.
- After a person takes a placebo, there is a. a reduction in brain activity linked with pain. b. usually only a small, insignificant effect for most people. c. initially an increase in pain, followed by mild relief. d. an immediate relief of pain, but no ch
- Hallucinogenic drugs produce sensations and perceptions in the absence of external stimulation. These drugs may also have additional effects such as: a. relaxation b. euphoria c. panic d. all of these
- A substance capable of altering attention, judgment, perception, and emotions a. is classified as a psychoactive drug. b. is classified as a narcotic. c. is an addictive drug. d. produces withdrawal symptoms.
- Loss of the myelin sheath can lead to: a. increased sensation. b. increased conduction of neural impulses. c. erratic nerve signals. d. neurogenesis.
- The stimulation-depression scale is less relevant for psychoactive drugs whose principal characteristic is their mind-altering quality. These drugs are classified as A. amphetamines. B. uppers. C. downers. D. hallucinogens.
- The paralyzing effect of curare is caused by its ability to a. block the action of acetylcholine at neuron-muscle synapses. b. create an imbalance in the sodium content in the dendrite. c. produce an overproduction of acetylcholine in the neural soma. d.
- Unlike barbiturates, opiate drugs .................... a. do not lead to addiction b. act on pain-inhibiting neurotransmitters c. is not prescribed by physicians d. do not affect the central nervous system
- Sensory reduction refers to the process of A. reducing your dependence on a single sensory system. B. decreasing the number of sensory receptors that are stimulated. C. filtering and analyzing incoming sensations before sending a neural message to the
- With cocaine use, the chemical messenger called noradrenaline is increased leading to brain arousal, while the "rush" of pleasure results from the increase in a. dopamine. b. acetylcholine. c. histamine. d. THC.
- Psychoactive drugs typically exert their effects by interfering with _____. A. neurotransmitters B. hormones C. body fats D. amino acids
- Messages carried from small, slow fibers tend to a. close the spinal gate directly. b. pass through the pain gate and on to a central biasing system. c. inhibit the production of endorphins. d. cause rapid sensory adaptation.
- Perception occurs: a. after the rods and cones become activated b. when a stimulus activates a receptor causing an impulse that is processed by the brain c. after meaningful sensory experiences are created d. before transduction
- Researchers believe that acupuncture relieves pain by a. stimulating nerves that reach the hypothalamus b. causing the release of endorphins c. blocking pain receptors d. both a and b
- Consider any drugs (i.e., foreign substances introduced to the body) that affect levels of the neurotransmitter: Norepinephrine in the brain or elsewhere in the body.
- The sensation is the stimulation of sensory receptors and transmission of sensory information to the _____ for processing.
- The process of converting physical signals from the environment into neural signals sent to the central nervous system is called .... a. sensation. b. synesthesia. c. transduction. d. perception.
- A pain message to the brain is initiated by the release of any or all of the chemicals EXCEPT (a) P. (b) pheromones. (c) bradykinin. (d) prostaglandins.
- A cocaine user experiences a decline in mood or "crash" because when cocaine levels drop, the [{Blank}] a. receiving neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters. b. sending neurons absorb fewer neurotransmitters. c. receiving neurons absorb more neurotransmi
- Which of the following drugs does NOT act by slowing the activity of the central nervous system? a. barbiturates b. alcohol c. opiates d. caffeine
- The chemicals that are released at an axon terminal and can either excite or inhibit other neurons are called a. synapses. b. synaptic vesicles. c. neurilemmas. d. neurotransmitters.
- The sensory receptors of your eyes are able to convert light energy into neural energy, which can then be utilized by the brain. Thus, the sensory receptors in your eyes act as \\ a. visual adapters. b. biological assimilators. c. phosphenes. d. biolo
- Phenothiazine drugs ____. a. Help to decrease negative symptoms of schizophrenia b. Increase levels of glutamate in the brain of people with schizophrenia c. Are used as a treatment for schizophrenia d. Increase dopamine activity in the brain of p
- Jacob has taken Ecstasy. The activity within his brain will increase because this drug: a. causes more neurotransmitters to be released. b. will prolong the action of certain neurotransmitters. c. will directly stimulate brain cells by mimicking specific
- Hallucinogenic drugs, which include mescaline and phencyclidine: a. may lead to tolerance and a psychological need for the substance. b. will definitely lead to physiological addiction. c. may induce frightening hallucinations, and poor judgment with high
- With regular use of opiates, the brain stops producing the natural pain-relieving _______; as a result of this, and physiological dependence, the person experiences _______. a. endorphins; withdrawal b. morphine; withdrawal c. endorphins; tolerance d. mo
- _______ help transmit pain messages to the brain and stimulate circulation to an injured area causing _______. a. Prostaglandins; inflammation b. Pheromones; blood-thinning c. Prostaglandins; blood-thinning d. Pheromones; inflammation
- One of the functions of the limbic system is to: a. regulate motivational and organize emotional behaviors b. moderate pain signals from the muscles c. regulate blood pressure and heart rate d. pass information from one hemisphere of the brain to the
- Drugs that stimulate neural growth and development of the hippocampus would most likely benefit {Blank} memory a. procedural b. sensory c. implicit d. declarative
- With regular use of opiates, the brain stops producing the natural pain-relieving __________; as a result of this, and physiological dependence, the person experiences ___________. a. endorphins; withdrawal. b. morphine; withdrawal. c. endorphins; toleran
Explore our homework questions and answers library
Browse
by subject