Food passing into the small intestines is very acidic from the hydrochloric acid released by the...
Question:
Food passing into the small intestines is very acidic from the hydrochloric acid released by the lining of the stomach and mixed in by churning. The pH of the stomach is about 2, whereas the pH of the small intestines is about 8. A buffer (bicarbonate) is released by the pancreas and used to convert the pH = 2 chyme solutions (food) to pH = 8. Explain the importance of the buffer to the continued digestion of your food.
Hydrochloric Acid:
Hydrochloric acid produces when hydrogen chloride dissolves in water. It is a corrosive acid that is generally found in the dilute form in gastric juice. Hydrochloric acid destroys bacteria and other harmful organisms and acts as a food preservative. This acid has many industrial uses (such as cleaning and laboratories).
Answer and Explanation: 1
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answerThe human pancreas secretes pancreatic juice. The produced pancreatic juice is transported through the ducts from the pancreas to the small intestine....
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:
Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library
Small Intestine | Anatomy, Structure & Functions
from
Chapter 8 / Lesson 4
144K
Small intestine: Learn the anatomy, structure, and functions of the small intestine. Also, see the different parts of the small intestine using a diagram.
Related to this Question
- The carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system functions mainly to: a. buffer carbonic acid formed from carbon dioxide. b. neutralize the urine. c. buffer stomach acid. d. limit pH changes caused by metabolism.
- Fill in the blank. The stomach has a ______ pH, whereas the small intestines have a _______ pH. The colon has an approximately ___________ pH. A. High; low; neutral B. Low; high; neutral C. Low; neutral; neutral D. None of the above.
- The pH of human blood stays within a very narrow range of pH--near 7.4. The way this stable pH is maintained is . a. we adjust the pH ourselves by eating more acidic foods when the pH gets too high or by eating more basic foods when it drops too low b.
- In the human body, hydrogen ion concentration is regulated by: a. pH b. acidity c. alkalinity d. bicarbonate ion e. the buffer system
- You have a buffer with a pH of 10. You add a little bit of weak acid. What most likely will happen?\\a) The pH goes to 7.\\ b) The pH should stay at 10.\\ c) The pH goes up to 11.\\ d) The pH goes down to 9.
- H2CO3 and HCO3- are used to create a buffer solution. When an acid is introduced into this buffer, which of H_2CO_3 and HCO_3^- reacts with the acid to maintain the pH of the solution?
- You hypothesize that a tablet of PEPCID AC can neutralize more stomach acid than a tablet of Alka-Seltzer. If you placed a tablet of each antacid in a beaker of acid at an initial pH of 2, which of the following experimental results would support your hyp
- A substance with a pH greater than 7 is[{Blank}], while a substance with a pH less than 7 is [{Blank}]. A.) basic, acidic B.) acidic, basic C.) basic, neutral D.) neutral, acidic E.) neutral, basic
- A substance with a pH greater than 7 is ______, while a substance with a pH less than 7 is __________. a) basic, acidic b) acidic, basic c) basic, neutral d) neutral, acidic e) neutral, basic
- A substance with a pH greater than 7 is _____, while a substance with a pH less that 7 is _____. (a) basic, acidic (b) basic, neutral (c) acidic, basic (d) neutral, acidic (e) neutral, basic
- Which of the following would NOT strongly associated with the word "acid"? A) excess hydrogen ions B) magnesium hydroxide C) contents of the stomach D) HCl E) pH less than 7
- A basic drug has a pKa of 9. Would it be more easily absorbed in a pH environment of 12 or 6? A. It will be more easily absorbed in the pH = 12 environment because the drug will be more ionized in that environment. B. It will be more easily absorbed in th
- With the exception of chemical processes in the stomach, almost all other chemical reactions in living systems take place in which pH range?
- Which solution has a pH closest to neutral? 1. Stomach acid 2. Blood 3. Lemon juice 4. Soap 5. Household bleach
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl), the acid found in the stomach that works to aid digestion, dissociates into a proton and a chloride ion. Write the equation to illustrate the dissociation.
- The four stages of food processing, in sequential order, are a) ingestion, absorption, digestion, and elimination. b) absorption, ingestion, digestion, and elimination. c) digestion, ingestion, absorption, and elimination. d) ingestion, digestion, absorpt
- The pH scale relates the measure of ______ of a chemical substance. A. ionization B. denaturation C. acidity D. buffering
- Adding hydrogen ions (H+) to a neutral solution will: a. Increase pH, making it more acidic b. Decrease pH, making it more basic c. Decrease pH, making it more acidic d. Increase pH, making it more basic
- A buffer: A) added to a solution will always make the solution neutral, with a PH of 7 B) prevents the PH of a solution from changing when acid or based is added C) Causes acidic solutions to become alkaline, and alkaline solutions to become acidic D)
- Weak bases (e.g., sodium bicarbonate or baking soda) ______________ and ______________ and are_____________.
- Reduced peristalsis would slow the movement of stool through the large intestine. How might this affect water concentration in the stool?
- The pH of our blood is strictly maintained between 7.3 and 7.5 by a ______. (a) Acid (b) Base (c) Proton (d) Buffer (e) Salt.
- A solution with a pH of 4 _________ vs. a solution with a pH of 5. a) is less acidic and therefore has less hydrogen ions b) is more acidic and therefore has less hydrogen ions c) is less acidic and therefore has more hydrogen ions d) is more acidic a
- CO_2 transport as bicarbonate ions: CO_2 binds with water to form _______ acid. The catalyst for this reaction is _______ _______. The acid mentioned above then dissociates into _______ ions and _______ ions. When bicarbonate ions move out of the red bloo
- The internal pH of most cells is near neutral. This allows A) water to break down into H^+ and OH^-. B) rapid fluctuations between acidic and basic conditions within the cells. C) the buffers produced within the body to affect these cells. D) enzymes
- A solution with a pH of 4 is acidic than a solution with a pH of 5. The solution with the pH of 4 has a _____concentration of _____hydrogen ions than the solution with a pH of 5. a. less; higher b. more; lower c. less; lower d. more; higher
- A small amount of acid is added to a buffered solution. What will happen? A. The pH will change very little, if at all. The buffer will donate extra hydrogen ions to the solution to keep the pH consta
- To increase the excretion of an acidic drug, what would you do to the urine? A. Make it more basic. B. Make it neutral. C. Make it more acidic. D. None of the above.
- Milk has a pH of 6. Tomato juice has a pH of 4. Therefore, tomato juice is: A. 20 times more acidic than milk. B. 20 times less acidic than milk. C. 100 times less acidic than milk. D. 100 times more acidic than milk.
- You just drank several glasses of lemonade, which is highly acidic. Which of the following will occur in your urine? A) The pH of your urine will decrease. B) Your urine will contain a lot of bicarbonate ions. C) The pH of your urine will increase. D) The
- Elimination is the process of passing undigested and unabsorbed food in the form of ____.
- Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale? a. A substance with a pH of 3 is twice as alkaline as a substance with a pH of 4. b. A substance with a pH of 3 is twice as acidic as a substance with a pH of 4. c. A substance with a pH of 3 to 10
- Acids have a pH that is ___ than 7, and bases have a pH that is ___ than 7.
- Because sodium bicarbonate accepts a relatively small amount of protons, its released bicarbonate ion is described __________. .
- Compared with a solution of pH = 4, a solution with pH = 6 is: a) 2 times less acidic b) 10 times more acidic c) 100 times more acidic d) 10 times less acidic e) 100 times less acidic
- The average pH of seawater is slightly [{Blank}], conditions that are favourable for organisms whose shells are composed of calcium carbonate. a) acidic b) alkaline
- A solution with a pH below 7 is (a) logarithmic. (b) acidic. (c) neutral. (d) basic.
- Which pH has the highest concentration of OH- ions? a. 12 b. 7 c. 2 Pairs of weak acids and bases that resist pH changes to maintain homeostasis are called _____.
- The expulsion of undigested food or body wastes: ___
- ________ is a droplet of fat with a hydrophilic coating that allows it to remain suspended in the watery mixture of the small intestine. (a) chylomicron (b) micelle (c) chyme.
- Which of the following correctly describes a buffer? a. A buffer converts an acid solution to neutral. b. A buffer converts an alkaline solution to neutral. c. A buffer converts alkaline solutions to acid solutions. d. A buffer converts strong bases or ac
- Carbon dioxide combines with water to form: a. carbonic acid. b. carboxlyic acid. c. sodium bicarbonate. d. alpha-3-carbol water.
- True or false? A basic pH is maintained in gastric juices.
- Which of the following correctly describes a buffer? A. A buffer converts an alkaline solution to neutral. B. A buffer converts an acid solution to neutral. C. A buffer converts alkaline solutions to acid solutions. D. A buffer converts strong bases or ac
- Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale? A. A substance with a pH of 3 is twice as alkaline as a substance with a pH of 4. B. A substance with a pH of 3 is twice as acidic as a substance with a pH of 4. C. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10
- _____ is the product made in respiration that indirectly causes the pH to become more acidic when you blow into the water. It combines with _____ to make an acid that then releases _____ ions that cause the acidity to increase.
- An HCO_3- to H_2CO_3 ratio of 26 : 1 means the pH is (a) normal. (b) less than normal. (c) greater than normal.
- A solution with a pH of 9 is 1. acidic 2. basic 3. neutral 4. all of the above
- The lower the PH: a) the greater the number of hydrogen ions released b) the more acidic the solution c) the lower the number on the PH scale d) all of the above e) Only a and b are correct
- What is acidity? What is pH?
- A solution with a pH of 3 is: a. acidic b. nonpolar c. basic d. neutral
- Coca-Cola is a very acidic drink; its pH is around 3. Blood has a pH of about 7. Yet when you drink a Coke the pH of the blood does not change measurably. Why is that?
- Select the correct answer. pH is important in biology because: a. the human blood's pH is 7.4 b. acids are dangerous. c. cells can tolerate a very narrow range of pH.
- Solid waste that leaves the large intestine is known as ______.
- Scientists have observed that the ocean is getting more acidic, and this contributes to the declining health of coral reefs. A group of scientists studied the effect of adding different concentrations of Tums (a stomach antacid, pH approximately 10) to id
- Normal pH of urine a) is always slightly alkaline. b) is always neutral. c) varies based upon the person. d) is always slightly acidic.
- When dissolved in water, a(n) ___________ donates H^+ and a(n) __________ accepts H^+. a. acid, base b. base, acid c. buffer, solute d. base, buffer
- What does the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system convert?
- A buffer a. donates OH^- ions when conditions become too basic and accepts OH^- ions when conditions become too acidic. b. is an acid that is used to offset overly basic conditions in the body. c. donates H^+ ions when conditions become too basic and acce
- Each day, 9 liters enter the small intestine: 2.3 liters from GI secretions, and the rest from foods and beverages. a) True b) False
- A solution has a high hydroxide ion concentration and a low hydrogen ion concentration. What type of solution is this? a. neutral solution b. acidic solution c. basic solution d. buffer solution
- Is this correct scientific method? Acidity and alkalinity are measured on the pH scale of 0-14. On this scale, 7 is neutral, higher is alkaline, lower is acidic. At around 8.2, today's oceans are mildly alkaline, and we know that rising CO2 levels are cur
- If you had a buffered solution that was neutral, what would happen when you add a base to it? Would you expect the pH to increase greatly, decrease greatly, increase a little or decrease a little?
- An acidic substance would have a pH of less than ____________.
- Which of the following options is correct? A substance with a pH greater than 7 is, while a substance with a pH less than 7 is. A) basic, acidic B) acidic, basic C) basic, neutral D) neutral, acidic E) neutral, basic
- A chemical that minimizes changes in pH by accepting hydrogen ions when they are present in excess and donating hydrogen ions when they are in short supply is called a ________.
- Acids have a pH of A) less than 7.0 B) getter than 7.0 C) equal to 7.0 D) pH doesn't measure acids
- Besides being able to tolerate a range of pH, some bacteria change their environment by producing acid or alkali substances. How would you use microbiological media to determine a change in the pH of culture media due to the metabolic activities of bacter
- Fill in the blank. The chemical buffer system responds within a fraction of a second to resist pH changes and is called the ________________.
- The pH of a solution describes its acidity or alkalinity: Describe how pH and H_3O^+ concentration are related and explain why diluting an acid raises the pH, but diluting a base lowers the pH.
- If a solution has a pH of 2, would it be considered acidic, basic, or neutral?
- Is blood acidic, neutral, or basic? What does that mean in terms of OH- and H+ concentration?
- 1. What pH is considered the most acidic? 2. What pH is considered the most basic? 3. What pH is considered to be neutral? 4. What is the difference in hydrogen ion concentration between a pH of 8 and a pH of 4?
- When acids are added, a buffer helps prevent a drop in pH by: a. becoming a weak acid. b. becoming more soluble in water. c. removing protons from solution. d. preventing water from ionizing. e. all of the above
- The pH of a solution is defined as the ______, to the base_____, of the hydrogen ion concentration (H+) in ______, or_______. The pH of a solution is written as follows: PH =
- You eat spaghetti with meatballs in marinara sauce and drink a glass of orange juice. Describe the chemical components of your meal, the digestive events in the mouth, and the content of your stomach
- After adding a small amount of Solution A to Solution B, the pH of Solution B declines from eight to three. Solution A must contain a. a salt. b. an acid. c. a base. d. water only.
- If 100 hydrochloric (HCl) acid molecules were placed in 1 mL of water, the hydrochloric acid would dissociate into__________ and ____________ ions.
- You eat spaghetti with meatballs in marinara sauce and drink a glass of orange juice. Describe the chemical components of your meal, the digestive events in the mouth, and the content of your stomach one hour after you ingest the meal and juice, and descr
- If you place the probe of a pH meter in lye or sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it will read pH 14. What kind of substance is sodium hydroxide? A) An acid B) Neutral C) A base
- Fill in the blank. Chemical buffers resist pH changes and are the body's ____________________________.
- Which of the following statements regarding buffers are true? 1) Buffers prevent rapid, drastic changes in the pH of body fluids. 2) Buffers systems are designed to stabilize pH within a few hours. 3) Strong acids lower pH more than weak acids because
- Which of the following is true about an acidic solution? a. its pH is below 7 b. its hydrogen ion concentration is low c. it is neutral d. it can act as a buffer
- Acid solutions have a pH that is where on the pH scale?
- Can you turn an acidic solution basic by diluting a solution? Can you turn a basic solution acidic by diluting a solution? What effect does dilution of an acid or base have on the pH of the solutions?
- A buffer solution is prepared by mixing 500.0 mL of 0.600 M CH3COOH with 500.0 mL of a 1.00 M CH3COONa solution. What is the pH of the resulting solution?
- In the buffering experiment, fixed volumes of bovine milk, tap water, and Alka-Seltzer were taken and then drops of acid and base were added to each. pH was recorded after each addition. What are the standardized variables? What is/are the control(s)?
- The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation uses the components of the H_2CO_3/HCO_3^- system in the following way (complete the equation): pH = pK
- Rank the following household items from the most acidic (1) to the least acidic (4). a. Sprite (pH 3.3) b. Coconut water (pH 6.5) c. Black coffee (pH 5) d. Toothpaste (pH 9.9)
- Question 11: If you stepped inside a very large sponge, would you have to worry about being digested? a) Yes, there are a number of reports of large sponges digesting humans. b) No, because sponge digestive enzymes are specific for marine organisms.
- Select the correct answer. pH measures: a. the acidity that cells can tolerate. b. the hydrogen concentration. c. if acids are present in the solution.
- The PBS protocol above says to adjust pH to 7.4 with HCI. What does this imply on the pH of 10x PBS before adjusting the pH, would it be greater or smaller than 7.4?
- The ability of an acid-base mixture to resist sudden changes in pH is called its ____________________.
- Antacid: melt-alkali syndrome: A) Aluminum hydroxide B) Magnesium hydroxide C) Calcium carbonate D) Sodium bicarbonate.
- If the side chain of a glutamic acid residue has a pKa of 4.1, at pH 6.1 the ratio of uncharged to charged side chain would be about A. 100:1 B. 10:1 C. 1:1 D. 1:10 E. 1:100.
- If the ordinary salt that we use on the table is sodium chloride then what is baking soda? a]Potassium b]Hydroxides c]Sodium Bicarbonate d]Potassium Bicarbonate
- You have a solution that has a pH of 8 and need it to be pH 5. What do you do? a. Add water b. Add a base c. Add an acid d. Add a buffer
- What is the pH range of an acid? Of a base? What would be the pH value of a solution where the number of H+ ions = OH- ions?
- If a stronger solution of sodium bicarbonate was used in experiment, would it require more or less acetic acid to neutralize and why? If a weaker solution of sodium bicarbonate was used, would the sol
- If a probe of a pH meter is placed in lye or sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it will read pH 14. Sodium hydroxide is a) An acid b) Neutral c) A base
Explore our homework questions and answers library
Browse
by subject