During a sustained economic expansion, frictional unemployment tends to [{Blank}] and cyclical...
Question:
During a sustained economic expansion, frictional unemployment tends to _____ and cyclical employment _____
A.falls, rises
B.rises; also rises
C.falls; also falls
D.rises; falls
Unemployment:
In economics, unemployment is described as the condition of an individual who is actively seeking employment and unable to secure a chance to work. Usually, this state is used to weigh an economy's health as it is one of the major economic indicators. It is measured by the unemployment rate, which is computed as dividing the number of unemployed people by the number of people in the labor force. Besides, there are several types of unemployment in an economy, and they include cyclical, frictional, seasonal, and structural unemployment.
Answer and Explanation: 1
Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! Create your account
View this answer- The answer is D.rises; falls.
During a sustained economic expansion, frictional unemployment tends to rise, and cyclical unemployment falls. Cyclical...
See full answer below.
Ask a question
Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions.
Ask a question Ask a questionSearch Answers
Learn more about this topic:

from
Chapter 6 / Lesson 3Learn the various types of unemployment. See the definition and causes of frictional, cyclical, structural, and other forms of unemployment with examples.
Related to this Question
- The economy is considered to be at full employment when: A. Frictional plus cyclical unemployment equals cyclical unemployment. B. Cyclical unemployment is 5% or less. C. There is no less than 100% of the workforce employed. D. There is no cyclical unempl
- The actual unemployment rate that prevails when cyclical unemployment is zero is called unemployment rate. a. transitory b. cyclical c. structural d. frictional 2. The only way a recession can occur
- During recessions, the unemployment rate _____ and output _____. A) rises; falls B) rises; rises C) falls; rises D) falls; falls
- As the economy falls from the peak to the trough of the business cycle: a. inflationary pressures should increase as unemployment rises. b. cyclical unemployment should increase and real GDP should decline. c. frictional unemployment should fall because p
- Full employment occurs when: a. structural employment is zero b. cyclical unemployment is zero c. frictional unemployment is zero d. cyclical and frictional unemployment is zero.
- Typically, unemployment _____ during a recession and _____ during an expansion. a. rises; rises even more b. falls; rises c. rises; falls d. rises; does not change
- A worker who loses his or her job as a consequence of a decline in aggregate demand in the economy is experiencing: A. disguised unemployment B. underemployment C. cyclical unemployment D. frictional unemployment E. seasonal unemployment
- When the economy is experiencing a contraction, there is an increase in: a. frictional unemployment. b. seasonal unemployment. c. cyclical unemployment. d. structural unemployment.
- During a recession, the unemployment rate generally and during an expansion the unemployment rate generally. a) rises; rises b) rises; does not change c) falls; rises d) rises; falls
- During healthy economic periods, cyclical unemployment A. rises. B. will equal structural unemployment. C. falls toward zero. D. will equal frictional unemployment. E. will equal the natural rate of unemployment.
- If economic policy-makers can keep the economy growing at a steady pace, they can reduce: a. cyclical unemployment. b. structural unemployment. c. frictional unemployment. d. seasonal unemployment.
- Unemployment that results from business recessions that occur when aggregate demand is insufficient to create full employment is: a. cyclical unemployment b. frictional unemployment c. structural unemployment d. seasonal unemployment
- Full employment is the situation in which the economy operates at an unemployment rate equal to the sum of: a. structural and frictional unemployment. b. cyclical and frictional unemployment. c. st
- An increase in cyclical unemployment will result in: a. an increase in the unemployment rate b. an increase in the natural rate of unemployment c. an increase in structural unemployment d. a decrease in frictional unemployment
- The increase in unemployment associated with a recession is called a. structural unemployment. b. frictional unemployment. c. discouraged unemployment. d. cyclical unemployment.
- Unemployment caused by the fluctuation of the business cycle is called .... unemployment. a. cyclical b. structural c. frictional d. recession-related
- The unemployment produced by fluctuations in economic activity is called _________. (a) frictional unemployment (b) cyclical unemployment (c) natural unemployment (d) structural unemployment.
- Unemployment correlated with the business cycle is called A. cyclical unemployment. B. seasonal unemployment. C. structural unemployment. D. frictional unemployment.
- Unemployment that is caused by business recessions is called: a. frictional unemployment b. seasonal unemployment c. structural unemployment d. cyclical unemployment
- The economy is fully employed when there is no: a. seasonal unemployment b. frictional unemployment c. structural unemployment d. cyclical unemployment
- Unemployment rates _______ during contractions and _______ during expansions. A) rise, fall B) fall, fall C) rise, stay the same D) stay the same, fall E) fall, rise
- Workers laid off as a result of a recession suffer A. frictional unemployment. B. structural unemployment. C. cyclical unemployment. D. seasonal unemployment. E. natural unemployment.
- If the economy is operating at full employment, then A. the unemployment rate is zero percent. B. structural and frictional unemployment have been eliminated. C. the unemployment rate is equal to the natural rate. D. cyclical unemployment is greater than
- Frictional unemployment often occurs when: a. The economy enters a recession. b. People first enter the labor force. c. People are discriminated against. d. People lose a job because their skills are no longer needed.
- Unemployment arising from job search is called A) cyclical unemployment B) disguised unemployment C) frictional unemployment D) structural unemployment
- The unemployment rate: a. Always decreases. b. Does not depend on business cycles. c. Increases during a recession and decreases during an expansion. d. Decreases during a recession and increases during an expansion. e. Always increases.
- When an economy achieves full employment, a. the unemployment rate will equal the natural rate of unemployment. b. structural unemployment will be zero. c. frictional unemployment will be zero. d. the unemployment rate will be zero.
- When aggregate demand falls below the full-employment level of output, which of the following types of unemployment is most likely to increase? A. Cyclical B. Seasonal C. Frictional D. Structural
- The natural rate of unemployment: Select one: a. increases during recessions. b. equals the sum of frictional and cyclical unemployment. c. equals the sum of frictional and structural unemployment. d. is always less than full employment rate of unempl
- Unemployment that is due to a recession is: a. involuntary unemployment. b. frictional unemployment. c. structural unemployment. d. cyclical unemployment.
- The variation in unemployment caused by the economy moving from expansion to recession or from recession to expansion is known as: a) Cyclical employment. b) Unemployment. c) Cyclical unemployment. d) Full employment.
- The persistent, long-term unemployment caused by long-lasting shocks or permanent features of an economy is called A. cyclical unemployment. B. seasonal unemployment. C. structural unemployment. D. frictional unemployment.
- The natural unemployment rate equals the sum of A) cyclical and frictional unemployment. B) cyclical, seasonal, and structural unemployment. C) frictional, seasonal, and structural unemployment. D) seasonal and cyclical unemployment. E) cyclical, fri
- Before the recession began, the U.S. unemployment rate was about 6%. As a recession begins, firms quickly make layoffs. The resulting rise in unemployment is mostly a rise in _ unemployment. a) Fricti
- What is U-6 unemployment? a. frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment b. frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment plus workers who are discouraged from looking for jobs due to a lack of success. c. frictional, structural, and cyclical un
- A worker is laid off due to reduced aggregate demand in the economy. Would this be considered frictional, structural, seasonal, or cyclical unemployment?
- Recessions are periods when: a. output rises. b. the aggregate price level rises. c. the unemployment rate is falling. d. output and employment are falling.
- What is U6? a. Frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment. b. Frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment plus workers who are discouraged from looking for jobs due to a lack of success. c. Frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment pl
- When the unemployment rate matches the natural unemployment rate, A) there is no structural or cyclical unemployment. B) there is no cyclical unemployment. C) there is no frictional cyclical unemployment. D) there is no frictional or structural unemplo
- State whether the following is more likely to be a case of underemployment, frictional, structural or cyclical unemployment. __ IBM lays off 300 people. __ a) Structural unemployment, b) Underemployment, c) Cyclical unemployment, d) Frictional unempl
- The natural unemployment rate is not zero because natural unemployment includes: A. frictional and cyclical unemployment B. cyclical and structural unemployment C. frictional and structural unemployment D. cyclical unemployment E. discouraged workers
- During a recession, one will often observe: a. aggregate output rising. b. unemployment rates will be increasing while aggregate output is falling. c. employment rates will be rising. d. zero unemployment rates.
- Our "full-employment" unemployment rate goal is not zero because: a. frictional unemployment will always exist b. Unacceptably high rates of inflation would probably result c. There will always be
- Frictional unemployment, people just between jobs, maybe looking for their first job. Structural unemployment, people with obsolete or not-in-demand skills Cyclical unemployment, people out of work be
- Typically during an expansion in the economy A. incomes and unemployment rise. B. incomes fall and unemployment rises. C. incomes fall and unemployment falls. D. incomes increase and unemployment falls.
- The trough of the business cycle: a) comes right after the expansion phase. b) comes before the recession phase. c) occurs when the actual rate of unemployment in the economy is zero. d) is the point where a recession ends and an expansion begins.
- After a recession ends (expansion begins), would you expect unemployment to increase or decrease? What about natural unemployment?
- During a recession, some individuals who have lost their jobs may get discouraged from not being able to find a new job. If these individuals stop looking for a job altogether, ceteris paribus, (and assuming the current unemployment rate is less than 100%
- The economy is considered to be operating at full employment if there is unemployment. a. zero cyclical b. zero seasonal c. zero cyclical, frictional, structural, and seasonal d. zero frictional e. zero structural
- The unemployment resulting from wage rigidity and job rationing is called [{Blank}] unemployment. a) frictional, b) structural, c) minimum-wage, d) insider.
- When cyclical unemployment is equal to zero, we know that: A. The actual unemployment rate is equal to the natural rate of unemployment. B. Frictional and structural unemployment are also equal to zero. C. The actual unemployment rate is greater than th
- The aggregate supply curve becomes increasingly inelastic as the economy: a. has an increase in cyclically unemployed workers. b. has an increase in discouraged workers. c. has an increase in employed workers. d. none of the above
- Which of the following is not consistent with full employment? A) An unemployment rate of 5 percent or 6 percent B) Seasonal unemployment C) Structural unemployment D) Cyclical unemployment E) Frictional unemployment
- The phases of a business cycle are: a. upswing and downswing. b. full employment and unemployment. c. peak, recession, trough, and expansion. d. full employment, depression, expansion, and plateau.
- If cyclical unemployment is eliminated in the economy, then A. the economy is considered to be at full employment. B. the unemployment rate is below the natural rate of unemployment. C. the unemployment rate is above the natural rate of unemployment. D. t
- As the economy strengthens, some "discouraged workers" reenter the labor market and begin searching for jobs. Assuming that none of them initially find jobs, this would cause the unemployment rate to {Blank}, the labor force participation rate to {Blank},
- Total unemployment is 5%. Frictional unemployment is 2.3% and the economy is at full employment. What is cyclical unemployment?
- The economy is considered at full employment when: A. the unemployment rate is zero. B. structural unemployment is zero. C. cyclical unemployment is zero. D. frictional unemployment is zero.
- Full employment occurs when: a. Everyone has a job b. Everyone who wants a job c. There is no frictional unemployment d. There is no cyclical unemployment e. There is no structural, frictional, a
- Natural unemployment is the: a) average of frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment. b) sum of frictional, structural, and cyclical unemployment. c) sum of frictional and cyclical unemployment. d) sum of structural and cyclical unemployment. e) s
- According to Okun's law, when the output gap is positive, cyclical unemployment: a. equals structural unemployment b. equals frictional unemployment c. equals zero d. is negative
- The economy is considered to be at full employment when: a. the actual rate of unemployment is less than the natural rate. b. the leading economic indicators are unchanged for two consecutive quarters. c. structural unemployment is zero. d. frictional plu
- The economy is considered to be at full employment when: a. the actual rate of unemployment is less than the natural rate. b. the leading economic indicators are unchanged for two consecutive quarters. c. structural unemployment is zero. d. frictional
- Suppose the economy is experiencing frictional unemployment of 1%, structural unemployment of 3%, and cyclical unemployment of 4%. What is the natural unemployment rate? a. 3% b. 4% c. 5% d. 7%
- The natural rate of unemployment is the unemployment rate that would exist in the absence of: a. cyclical unemployment. b. seasonal unemployment. c. frictional unemployment. d. structural unemployment. e. All of the above.
- Cyclical unemployment is: a) higher when the economy is expanding. b) always greater than the total of structural and frictional unemployment. c) the total of structural and frictional unemployment. d) created by a recession.
- Frictional unemployment is the result of: a) the normal process of jobs being created and destroyed. b) an economic recession. c) people not getting along (having friction) with their employers. d) the economic decline of major industries.
- What would happen to both unemployment and the normal rate of unemployment if: i. cyclical unemployment increases. ii. fictional unemployment increases. iii. structural unemployment falls and cyclical unemployment rises by the same amount. iv. struct
- The sum of the frictional and structural unemployment rates is equal to the: a. potential unemployment rate. b. actual unemployment. c. cyclical unemployment rate. d. full-employment unemployment rate.
- Cyclical unemployment is zero: A. When our country unemployment rate is zero B. When seasonal + frictional unemployment is zero C. When our country is at full employment D. When our country inflation and unemployment rate is zero
- More generous unemployment insurance would A. raise structural unemployment. B. raise frictional unemployment. C. lower structural unemployment. D. lower frictional unemployment.
- Economists consider full employment to occur when A. everyone who wants a job has a job. B. frictional unemployment equals zero. C. the sum of frictional unemployment and structural unemployment equals zero. D. the unemployment rate consists of only frict
- Full employment means which of the following is zero? a. structural unemployment b. cyclical unemployment c. frictional unemployment d. aggregate unemployment
- The amount of unemployment that arises because workers are temporarily between jobs or new entrants to the labor force is known as: a. structural unemployment b. cyclical unemployment c. frictional unemployment d. induced unemployment
- The natural unemployment rate is the unemployment rate that exists when there is no A) structural unemployment. B) frictional unemployment. C) cyclical unemployment. D) cyclical or structural unemployment. E) seasonal unemployment.
- Increases in the duration of unemployment may: a. reflect a general downturn in economic activity that depresses job openings. b. increase the unemployment rate. c. increase the number of discouraged workers. d. all of the above
- The natural unemployment rate is the rate of unemployment plus the rate of unemployment. A. frictional and structural; cyclical B. cyclical; frictional C. cyclical; structural D. structural; frictional
- If there are 10 job vacancies and 9 people unemployed, then there exists? a. only structural and frictional unemployment. b. only structural and cyclical unemployment. c. only structural unemployment and the economy is at full employment. d. only frict
- 1. The natural rate of unemployment in the U.S. a. Is equal to frictional unemployment plus cyclical unemployment b. Is the rate of unemployment that exists in the long run after everyone in the econo
- The natural rate of unemployment will not change following an increase in _____ unemployment. a. cyclical c. frictional d. structural e. All of these.
- When the rate of cyclical unemployment is zero, the: a) natural rate of unemployment must also be zero. b) economy is considered to be at full employment. c) Keynesian aggregate supply curve must be horizontal. d) economy must have entered a recession
- The natural rate of unemployment equals _. a. structural unemployment minus cyclical unemployment. b. frictional unemployment plus cyclical unemployment. c. frictional unemployment plus structural
- As an economy enters a deep recession, most of the changes in the unemployment rate are associated with which type of unemployment? A. Natural rate of unemployment B. Cyclical unemployment C. Structural unemployment D. Frictional unemployment
- 1) Structural unemployment arises when: a) marginal productivity of labor becomes zero. b) there is a cyclical change in the economy. c) jobs are eliminated by changes in the economy. d) people ch
- 1 A. Might frictional unemployment be higher in a period of plentiful jobs (low unemployment)? Explain. B. Does new technology increase unemployment? 2. A. Explain what would happen to the unemploy
- It is very common to see the unemployment rate actually increase as the economy begins to recover (i.e., after the trough). What causes the unemployment rate to rise at this time? a. Structural unemployment increases b. Cyclical unemployment increases
- Most of the unemployment that occurred during the Great Depression was {Blank} unemployment. a. frictional b. core c. cyclical d. structural
- In the Keynesian view, a decrease in aggregate demand will most likely cause A. output and unemployment to rise. B. output and unemployment to fall. C. output to fall and unemployment to rise. D. output to rise and unemployment to fall.
- 1. The natural rate of unemployment equals _. a. frictional unemployment plus minimally attractive workers b. cyclical unemployment plus structural unemployment c. structural unemployment minus cyc
- Cyclical unemployment is zero, a) When our country's unemployment rate is zero. b) When seasonal + frictional unemployment is zero. c) When our country is at full employment. d) When our country's inflation and the unemployment rate is zero.
- An economy is at full employment when. a. The unemployment rate equals the nature unemployment rate b. All unemployment is cyclical c. The unemployment rate is less than the natural unemployment rate d. There is no frictional unemployment
- Holding all else constant, if people who are currently unemployed become discouraged workers, you will see A. an increase in the unemployment rate. B. an increase in the labor force participation rate. C. no effect on the unemployment rate. D. no effe
- 1. If the unemployment rate falls from 6% to 5%: a. The unemployment rate has fallen by 1% b. The unemployment rate as fallen by 1 percentage point c. The rate of the increase in unemployment has decr
- Unemployment benefits paid to the unemployed: A) help the unemployed maintain their income and spending. B) increases the amount of time the unemployed spend searching for a job. C) increases the level of frictional unemployment. D) All of these options a
- "The natural rate of unemployment is equal to frictional unemployment plus structural unemployment". Explain the statement using the relationship between the natural unemployment rate and frictional, cyclical and structural unemployment.
- 1) As more unemployed persons become "discouraged workers," the unemployment rate [{Blank}] and the labor force participation rate[{Blank}]. a. increases/increases b. decreases/does not change c. d
- An unexpected increase in aggregate demand typically causes: a. the price level to increase but has no effect on the unemployment rate. b. frictional unemployment to increase but structural unemployment to decrease. c. the price level to increase and th
- "Full employment" is said to exist when the unemployment rate equals a. zero. b. the cyclical unemployment rate. c. the structural unemployment rate. d. the natural unemployment rate.
- Holding all else constant, if people who are currently unemployed become discouraged workers, you will see: a) an increase in the unemployment rate. b) an increase in the labor force participation rate. c) no effect on the unemployment rate. d) no effect
- 1) Which type of unemployment increased the most during the 2007-2009 recession? a) A cyclical unemployment b) Frictional unemployment c) Structural unemployment d) Search unemployment